Epilobium palustre L.

Marsh willowherb (en), Epilobe des marais (fr), Épilobe des marais (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Onagraceae > Epilobium

Characteristics

Herbs perennial, erect, with filiform stolons terminating in small fleshy turions that leave brown basal scales. Stems (5-)15-70 cm tall, simple or well-branched, strigillose throughout or subglabrous on lower part, rarely with lines decurrent from margins of petioles. Leaves sessile or petioles to 3 mm; cauline blade sublinear to narrowly lanceolate or elliptic, 1.2-7 × 0.3-1.2(-1.9) cm, sparsely strigillose adaxially and on abaxial veins or rarely glabrescent, base rounded or cuneate, margin entire to obscurely denticulate with 5-9 teeth per side, occasionally revolute, apex acute or obtuse. Inflorescence erect or slightly nodding in bud, densely strigillose, sometimes with glandular hairs; flowers erect. Sepals 2.5-4.5 mm. Petals white to pink, 3-7(-9) mm. Stigma clavate to subcylindric, entire. Capsules 3-9 cm, strigillose; pedicels 1-5 cm. Seeds brown, (1.1-)1.3-2.2 mm, finely papillose, with prominent chalazal collar 0.08-0.3 mm; coma dull white or rarely tawny, not easily detaching. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Aug-Sep. 2n = 36.
More
Perennial from very slender, nearly naked stolons, each ending in a turion from which the stem of the next year arises; stems slender, simple or branched, 1–5(–8) dm, canescently strigose-puberulent in the infl, but the middle and lower part usually more sparsely strigillose-puberulent, often in vertical strips; lvs all opposite, or the upper more often alternate, sessile or nearly so, sometimes with axillary fascicles, broadly linear to more often lanceolate or lance-linear, 2–7 cm × 2–15 mm, entire or nearly so, often revolute, not very hairy, the lower side commonly puberulent along the midrib but otherwise glabrous or nearly so, the upper side glabrous or with a few scattered hairs esp. along the midrib; infl usually nodding in bud, but soon erect; fls short-pedicellate in the upper axils, the pedicels elongating to 0.5–2.5 cm in fr; pet white to pink or lilac, 4–6 mm, evidently notched; 2n=36. Wet low ground; circumboreal, s. in Amer. to Pa., Wis., Colo., and Nev. July, Aug. (E. oliganthum)
A short herb. It may or may not have hairs and forms slender underground runners. It keeps growing from year to year. The stems are erect. The leaves are sword shaped and mostly opposite. They do not have teeth and do not have stalks. The flowers are pale pink or white. They are 8-12 mm across and in lax racemes.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.4 - 0.6
Root system creeping-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Marshes, acid fens, ditches etc. Grassy or rarely peat bogs, wet shores of rivers and lakes, in the polar-arctic, forest, and more rarely the alpine and steppe regions; at elevations from 200-4,500 metres.
More
It grows in wet places and marshes and usually on slightly acid soils. It can be in alpine meadows. It grows between 200-4,500 m above sea level.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 5-8
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 2-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-10

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible leaves shoots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings, divisions or seedlings.
Mode cuttings divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 14 - 30
Germination temperacture (C°) 10 - 15
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Epilobium palustre habit picture by Nicolas (cc-by-sa)
Epilobium palustre habit picture by Waldemar Zeja (cc-by-sa)
Epilobium palustre habit picture by Waldemar Zeja (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Epilobium palustre leaf picture by Wing Net. (cc-by-sa)
Epilobium palustre leaf picture by Waldemar Zeja (cc-by-sa)
Epilobium palustre leaf picture by Ugoline Jacquot (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Epilobium palustre flower picture by Dominique Vioux (cc-by-sa)
Epilobium palustre flower picture by zmicier (cc-by-sa)
Epilobium palustre flower picture by marion carre (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Epilobium palustre fruit picture by Ugoline Jacquot (cc-by-sa)
Epilobium palustre fruit picture by Bjent (cc-by-sa)
Epilobium palustre fruit picture by odile maury (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Epilobium palustre world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Estonia, Finland, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Georgia, Greece, Greenland, Croatia, Hungary, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iceland, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Liberia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Mongolia, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, Pakistan, Poland, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Tajikistan, Ukraine, United States of America, Uzbekistan, and South Africa

Conservation status

Epilobium palustre threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:612155-1
WFO ID wfo-0000669541
COL ID 6G4LF
BDTFX ID 24248
INPN ID 96226
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Epilobium alpinum Epilobium alsineifolium Epilobium empetrifolium Epilobium kerneri Epilobium ligulatum Epilobium nutans Epilobium pylaieanum Epilobium rhynchocarpum Epilobium tetragonum Epilobium wyomingense Chamaenerion americanum Chamaenerion palustre Chamaenerion palustre Epilobium clavatotrichon Epilobium fischerianum Epilobium laestadii Epilobium lineare Epilobium oliganthum Epilobium pumilum Epilobium pusillum Epilobium simplex Epilobium tundrarum Epilobium vogesiacum Epilobium sudeticum Epilobium ramiflorum Epilobium lineare f. angustissimum Epilobium lineare f. latifolium Epilobium lineare f. pennsylvanicum Epilobium lineare f. simplex Epilobium pulchrum Epilobium alpinum var. albiflorum Epilobium lineare var. oliganthum Epilobium oliganthum var. albescens Epilobium oliganthum var. gracile Epilobium palustre var. albiflorum Epilobium palustre var. fischerianum Epilobium palustre var. gracile Epilobium palustre var. lineare Epilobium palustre var. longirameum Epilobium palustre var. majus Epilobium palustre var. minimum Epilobium palustre var. oliganthum Epilobium pulchrum var. albiflorum Epilobium palustre var. albescens Epilobium alpinum var. gavei Epilobium palustre subsp. slendzinskii Epilobium palustre var. lapponicum Epilobium scaturiginium Epilobium palustre var. palustre Epilobium palustre var. lavandulifolium Epilobium palustre var. monticola Epilobium palustre var. alpicola Epilobium palustre var. confertum Epilobium palustre var. adenophorum Epilobium palustre var. altaicum Epilobium palustre var. grammadophyllum Epilobium palustre var. labradoricum Epilobium palustre var. fontanum Epilobium palustre