Epipactis palustris (L.) Crantz

Marsh helleborine (en), Épipactis des marais (fr), Épipactide des marais (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Epipactis

Characteristics

Plants 25-60 cm tall. Rhizome elongate. Stem glabrous toward base, papillose-pubescent above, with 3 or 4 sheaths toward base. Leaves 7 or 8, spreading, lowest one ovate or ovate-elliptic, 4-5 × 2-2.5 cm, others relatively narrow, ovate-lanceolate, narrowly lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, 4-16 × 0.6-2.5 cm, glabrous, base amplexicaul, apex acute to acuminate. Rachis 10-20 cm, papillose-pubescent, laxly 6-or more flowered. Flowers spreading, resupinate, yellow-green; sepals flushed chestnut-brown and petals with chestnut-brown venation, lip with yellow marks at base and a white epichile; pedicel and ovary ca. 15 mm, papillose-pubescent. Dorsal sepal elliptic-lanceolate, slightly cymbiform, 8-9 × ca. 2.5 mm, apex acute; lateral sepals ovate-lanceolate, slightly oblique, 7-8 × ca. 4 mm, apex acute and apiculate. Petals elliptic, 7-8 × ca. 3 mm, apex acuminate; lip ca. 10 mm, with a mesochile connecting hypochile and epichile; hypochile cymbiform, ca. 4 × 4-6 mm, with suberect lateral lobes, irregularly papillate inside and slightly carinate; mesochile oblong to subsquare, ca. 2 × 1.5 mm, with a pair of suborbicular lamellae 1-1.5 mm tall that extend onto epichile; epichile oblate to suborbicular, 3-5 × 4-4.5 mm, margin irregularly and inconspicuously crenulate, apex rounded. Column erect, ca. 3 mm; anther elliptic, ca. 3 mm, papillate on dorsal surface. Fl. Jul. 2n = 40, 44, 46, 48.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.23 - 0.6
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light 4-8
Soil humidity 6-8
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity 7-9
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -23
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Epipactis palustris habit picture by Bergwacht Obsteig (cc-by-sa)
Epipactis palustris habit picture by Martin Bishop (cc-by-sa)
Epipactis palustris habit picture by Francois Mansour (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Epipactis palustris leaf picture by Seán Ó Caithniadh (cc-by-sa)
Epipactis palustris leaf picture by Lennaert Steen (cc-by-sa)
Epipactis palustris leaf picture by anthony acou (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Epipactis palustris flower picture by Roland Rapp (cc-by-sa)
Epipactis palustris flower picture by Herve Meynier (cc-by-sa)
Epipactis palustris flower picture by Bergwacht Obsteig (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Epipactis palustris fruit picture by Andreas Häusler (cc-by-sa)
Epipactis palustris fruit picture by Barry Cornelius (cc-by-sa)
Epipactis palustris fruit picture by Francois Mansour (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Epipactis palustris world distribution map, present in Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Switzerland, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan

Conservation status

Epipactis palustris threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:633289-1
WFO ID wfo-0000952194
COL ID 6FVKF
BDTFX ID 24448
INPN ID 96465
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Epipactis palustris f. gracilis Helleborine palustris f. gracilis Epipactis palustris f. rectilinguis Epipactis palustris f. ampla Epipactis palustris f. macrostachya Epipactis palustris f. silvatica Epipactis palustris f. ericetorum Epipactis palustris f. albiflora Limodorum palustre Serapias longiflora Serapias palustris Epipactis palustris f. ochroleuca Epipactis salina Helleborine palustris Helleborine palustris Helleborine palustris f. parvifolia Epipactis palustris f. longibracteata Helleborine palustris f. longibracteata Helleborine palustris f. silvatica Epipactis palustris f. robusta Epipactis palustris f. elongata Helleborine palustris f. rectilinguis Helleborine palustris f. ampla Helleborine palustris f. submersa Epipactis palustris f. submersa Amesia palustris Cymbidium palustre Calliphyllon palustre Arthrochilium palustre Serapias helleborine var. palustris Epipactis palustris var. robusta Epipactis palustris var. silvatica Epipactis palustris var. ericetorum Epipactis palustris subsp. salina Epipactis palustris var. parvifolia Epipactis palustris var. elatior Helleborine palustris var. ericetorum Epipactis palustris var. ochroleuca Epipactis palustris f. pumila Helleborine palustris f. ericetorum Epipactis palustris