Eragrostis plana Nees

South african lovegrass (en), Éragrostide (fr), Éragrostide plate (fr), Éragrostis plat (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Eragrostis

Characteristics

Stiff, narrow, perennial tufts, to 100 cm. Leaf-sheath coriaceous, strongly keeled, striate, light creamy brown, glabrous. Ligule ciliate, hairs 0.2-0.4 mm. Collar hairs few, 1-1.8 mm. Leaf-blade 20-30 cm × 1-1.5 mm diam., coriaceous, folded, abaxially strongly densely ribbed, with few, very fine, scattered hairs 1-1.8 mm, adaxially finely ribbed, ribs minutely scabrid; margins minutely scabrid, long-narrowed to filiform tip. Culm 50-80 cm, erect, internodes glabrous. Panicle 15-27 cm, narrow; branches short, erect, stiff, almost filiform, sparsely scabrid to smooth, tipped by very narrow spikelets, branch-axils glabrous. Spikelets 9-14 × 1.5-2 mm, 9-12-flowered, glabrous, linear to narrow elliptic-oblong, greyish green. Glumes hyaline, « lemmas, nerve 1, smooth or scabrid; lower 0.4-0.6 mm, ovate-lanceolate, obtuse to acute, upper 0.8-1.4 mm, ± oblong, obtuse to truncate. Lemma c. 2.5 mm, 3-nerved, firmly membranous, elliptic, apex obtuse, sometimes very minutely scabrid. Palea ≈ lemma, glabrous. Rachilla 0.8-1 mm, sparsely scabrid. Stamens 3; anthers 1.2-1.8 mm. Caryopsis not seen.
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Spikelets 6–13.5 × 0.5–2 mm, linear to narrowly oblong, laterally compressed, 9–13-flowered, the lemmas disarticulating from below upwards, the rhachilla persistent; glumes unequal, keeled, oblong-lanceolate in profile, scaberulous on the keel, acute at the apex, the inferior 0.5–0.8 mm long, reaching to about 1/3 the way along the adjacent lemma, the superior 0.9–1.5 mm long, shorter than the adjacent rhachilla internode or just exceeding the base of the adjacent lemma; lemmas 1.8–2.5 mm long, keeled, semi-ovate in profile (with straight or rarely concave keel and gibbous margins), membranous with prominent lateral nerves, appressed to the rhachilla, those in opposite rows not overlapping, the rhachilla visible between them, olive-green, glabrous but with punctate glands on the nerves, subacute at the apex; palea persistent, glabrous on the flanks, the keels slender, wingless and glabrous to scaberulous or slightly thickened with punctate glands; anthers 3, (0.9)1.6–2 mm long.
Densely tufted perennial to 1000 mm high; basal sheaths strongly compressed, smooth, shiny, glabrous; culm without glands. Leaf blade to 800 x to 4 mm; glands present or absent. Inflorescence branches spreading or ascending; lowest branches not whorled, sometimes clustered; spikelets adpressed to branches. Spikelet 6.0-10.0(13.5) x 0.5-2.0 mm, linear to oblong; rachilla persistent; lemmas and/or paleas breaking up from base upwards; glumes unequal, oblong-lanceolate; lower glume scale-like, reaching up to 1/3 the length of lemma above; upper glume barely reaching or just touching base of lemma above, shorter than rachilla internode; lemma 1.8-2.5 mm long, glabrous, lateral nerves prominent, glandular dots present; palea keels entire, glabrous to scabrid, thickened or not, glandular dots present or absent, margins touching to overlapping, especially at apex; anthers 3, 1.6-2.0 mm long; caryopsis oblong to elliptic.
Perennial, densely tufted, up to 1 m high. Leaf blades up to 800 mm long, up to 4 mm wide. Basal sheaths strongly compressed, smooth and shiny. Spikelets 6-10 mm long, 0.5-2.0 mm wide. Inflorescence branches usually spreading, spikelets appressed to branches; spikelets linear-oblong, with rhachilla persistent, lemmas and/or paleas breaking up from base upwards; lower glume scale-like, reaching up to a third the length of lemma dbove and upper glume barely reaching or just touching base of lemma above in intact spikelet; lemmas with lateral nerves prominent and with glandular dots; palea keels entire, glabrous to scabrid, glandular dots present or absent; anthers 3, 1.6-2.0 mm long. Caryopsis oblong.
Perennial; up to 1 m high; densely tufted. Leaf blades up to 800 x 4 mm; basal sheaths strongly compressed; smooth and shiny. Flowers: panicle with branches usually spreading; spikelets appressed to branches; spikelets 6-10 x 0.5-2.0 mm; spikelets linear-oblong; with rachilla persistent; lemmas and/or paleae breaking up from base upwards; lower glume scale-like; reaching up to 1/3 length of lemma above and upper glume barely reaching or just touching base of lemma above in intact spikelet; lemmas with lateral nerves prominent and with glandular dots; palea keels entire; glabrous to scabrid; glandular dots present or absent; anthers 3; 1.6-2.0 mm long; caryopsis oblong.
Densely tufted perennial, up to 1 m high; basal sheaths strongly compressed, smooth and shiny. Leaf blade up to 800 x 4 mm; ligule a fringe of hairs. Inflorescence branches usually spreading, spikelets appressed to branches. Spikelets 6-10 x 0.5-2.0 mm, linear-oblong, laterally compressed; rachilla persistent, lemmas and/or paleas breaking up from base upwards; glumes shorter than spikelet, 1-nerved. Florets many; lemmas entire, 3-nerved, lateral nerves prominent and with glandular dots; palea keels entire, glabrous to scabrid, glandular dots present or absent; anthers 3, 1.6-2.0 mm long. Flowering time Nov.-May. Caryopsis oblong.
Densely caespitose perennial without rhizomes or stolons; culms up to 90(100) cm tall, strongly compressed below, erect, unbranched, glabrous at the nodes, eglandular; basal leaf sheaths glabrous, chartaceous, strongly compressed, keeled and usually flabellate, eglandular, persistent; ligule a line of hairs; leaf laminas 10–80 cm × 1.5–4 mm, linear, flat or folded, glabrous, eglandular or with punctate glands along the midnerve.
Panicle 10–35 cm long, narrowly oblong to narrowly ovate, the branches ascending or spreading, the spikelets appressed to the branchlets on pedicels 1.5–2 mm long, the primary branches not in whorls (but sometimes loosely clustered), terminating in a fertile spikelet, glabrous or thinly pilose in the axils, eglandular.
A grass that keeps growing from year to year. It grows 1 m high. It forms dense tufts. The leaf sheaths at the base overlap and are flattened.
Perennial to 1 m. Leaves linear, basal sheaths strongly compressed, smooth and shiny. Spikelets in a panicle, appressed, 6-10 x ± 1-2 mm.
Caryopsis (0.8)0.9–1.2 mm long, oblong to elliptic.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

Grassland on sandy soils and shallow laterite pans, in dry areas on wet soils around vleis and rivers, at elevations from 400-2,000 metres.
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It grows in tropical and subtropical places. In Zimbabwe it grows up to 2,000 m altitude.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-10
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The seeds are used for making bread and also for making beer,
Uses food gene source material medicinal
Edible roots seeds
Therapeutic use Basketry (unspecified), Funeral (unspecified), Hat (unspecified), Medicine (unspecified), Necklet (unspecified), Rope (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Eragrostis plana world distribution map, present in Angola, Brazil, Botswana, Switzerland, Germany, France, Indonesia, Lesotho, Madagascar, Myanmar, Mozambique, New Zealand, eSwatini, Uruguay, United States of America, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:322531-2
WFO ID wfo-0000868250
COL ID 6FZHD
BDTFX ID 24691
INPN ID 96629
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Diplachne hackeliana Eragrostis plana Eragrostis plana var. hackeliana

Lower taxons

Eragrostis plana var. probstii