Erianthemum dregei Tiegh.

Species

Angiosperms > Santalales > Loranthaceae > Erianthemum

Characteristics

Stems spreading to pendent, well branched, to 1.5 m. or so; twigs tomentellous with white to fulvous stellate and shortly dendritic hairs, glabrescent.. Leaves opposite to alternate, well spaced except at the base of new shoots; petiole 3–15 mm. long; lamina elliptic-oblong to ovate, 3–10 cm. long, 1.2–6 cm. wide, cuneate, rounded or cordate at the base, glabrous to subdensely stellate-pubescent, glabrescent, with 4–8 pairs of lateral nerves.. Heads 1–several in axils or at nodes below, 2–6-flowered; peduncle 0–18 mm. long; bract broadly ovate, concave, 2–5 mm. long, sometimes with a leafy limb and up to 15 mm. long, stellate-pubescent.. Receptacle 1–1.5 mm. long, long-hairy.. Calyx tubular, 2.5–6 mm. long, thinly to densely silky villous.. Corolla 3–5(–5.5) cm. long, pale often yellowish green, generally flushed orange to pink on the tube above the basal swelling, usually densely silky villous, the long whitish, cream or sometimes reddish hairs masking the constriction, but sometimes (especially in coastal plants) long hairs rather sparse on the basal part of the then notably waisted tube; basal swelling 3–7 mm. long; constriction 3–6 mm. long; funnel-shaped upper tube 4–12 mm. long.. Berry orange to bright red, 10–15 mm. long including the calyx, pilose; seed red.. Fig. 17/1–4.
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Aerial, hemiparasitic, moderate-sized to large shrub, 0.4-2.0 m high; younger stems and leaves densely brownish to whitish stellate-or dendritic-pubescent. Leaves opposite to alternate, well spaced except at base of new shoots, elliptic-oblong to ovate, with 4-8 pairs of lateral veins. Inflorescence in a 2-6-flowered head, 1-several in axils or at nodes. Flowers tubular, pale often yellowish green, flushed orange to pink, with conspicuous, whitish, long, ascending, silky hairs. Flowering time June-Mar. Fruit an ovoid, orange to bright red berry, with long silky hairs; calyx tube persistent.
Large shrubs, probably up to 2 m high, young parts usually brownish pubescent. Leaves mostly glabrous at maturity, usually oblong, size highly variable, 40-100 x 20-30 mm, lateral venation conspicuous; petioles 6-10 mm long. Inflorescence: heads, 1-3, axillary; peduncles 8-15 mm long, often brownish pubescent; bracts 3 x 2 mm, half or less the length of the ovary and calyx tube. Berries red, 11-12 mm long. Flowering June-March, and possibly throughout the year in differing climatic regions.
Corolla 3–5(5.5) cm long, pale often yellowish-green, generally flushed orange to pink on the tube above the basal swelling, usually densely silky villous, the long whitish, cream or sometimes reddish hairs masking the constriction, but sometimes (especially coastal plants) long hairs rather sparse on basal part of the then notably waisted tube; basal swelling 3–7 mm long; constriction 3–6 mm long; funnel shaped upper tube 4–12 mm long.
A shrub that grows off other plants. The stems are 2 m long. It grows on a wide variety of hosts. The stems can be spreading or hanging. The small branches have white hairs. The leaves can be opposite or one after the other. They are oval. It forms flowers in the wet season. The flowers are in heads of 2-6 flowers. They are greenish-yellow. The fruit is a bright orange or red berry. They are 10-15 mm across. The seeds are red.
Leaves opposite to alternate, well spaced except at base of new shoots; petiole 3–15 mm long; lamina 3–10 × 1.2–6 cm, elliptic-oblong to ovate, cuneate, rounded or cordate at base, glabrous to subdensely stellate pubescent, glabrescent, with 4–8 pairs of lateral nerves.
Shrub, up to 2 m high, parasite on Acacia, Kiggelaria, Euclea etc. Young stems and petioles usually rusty pubescent. Leaves usually glabrous at maturity, usually borne singly on new branches. Flowers orange and greenish yellow.
Heads 1–several in axils or at nodes below, 2–6-flowered; peduncle 0–18 mm long; bract 2–5 mm long, broadly ovate, concave, sometimes with a leafy limb and then up to 15 mm long, stellate pubescent.
Stems spreading to pendent, well branched, to 1.5 m or so; twigs tomentellous with white to fulvous stellate and shortly dendritic hairs, glabrescent.
Berry orange to bright red, 10–15 mm long including calyx, pilose; seed red.
Calyx 2.5–6 mm long, tubular, thinly to densely silky villous.
Receptacle 1–1.5 mm long, long hairy.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support parasite
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in higher rainfall woodland and forest. In Zimbabwe it grows up to 2,000 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses material medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Erianthemum dregei leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Erianthemum dregei leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Erianthemum dregei flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Erianthemum dregei flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Erianthemum dregei flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Erianthemum dregei world distribution map, present in Angola, Burundi, Botswana, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Malawi, Sudan, Somalia, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:548677-1
WFO ID wfo-0000671222
COL ID 6GJ7G
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Loranthus dregei Loranthus linguiformis Erianthemum linguiforme Loranthus dregei f. obtusifolia Loranthus dregei f. subcuneifolia Loranthus dregei f. subcuneifolius Loranthus oblongifolius Loranthus roseus Loranthus hirsutiflorus Loranthus liguliformis Erianthemum liguliforme Erianthemum heterochroma Erianthemum dregei Loranthus dregei var. roseus Loranthus dregei var. subcuneifolius Loranthus dregei var. sodenii Loranthus dregei var. kerenicus Loranthus dregei var. nyasicus Loranthus dregei var. ovatus Loranthus dregei var. foliaceus Loranthus dregei var. kilimanjaricus