Erica cerinthoides L.

Fire heath (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Ericaceae > Erica

Characteristics

Erect shrub up to 1-8 m (6 ft) when not burnt, usually much less, arising from a thick, woody, fire-resistant rootstock. Branches ascending, often virgate and simple or, after burning many, pubescent. Leaves 4-, 5-or 6-nate, 6-16 mm long, erect to spreading or recurved, linear or linear-lanceolate, blunt, deeply suleate or subopen-backed, variably pubescent, and mostly glandular-hispid and ciliate, more rarely glabrous and naked. Flowers umbellate; peduncles 2-12 mm long, glabrous or glandular-pubescent; bracts all approximate or the lowest median, about 4 mm long, linear-lanceolate, oblong, or lanceolate, acute or subobtuse, glandular-hispid and ciliate. Sepals like the bracts but larger, 4-7 mm long. Corolla 2.25-3.4 cm long, tubular, more or less inflated, slightly constricted at the throat, more or less pubescent, usually both shortly pubescent and pilose with longer, sometimes glandular hairs admixed, crimson, red or rosy or white; lobes spreading or erect, obtuse. Anthers included, about 2 mm long, lateral, oblong, pallid, muticous or with very short or rudimentary horns; pore about 1/2 the length of the cell. Ovary broadish turbinate, villous; style included or exserted; stigma capitate.
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Erect, 2-3 ft. high; branches ascending, often virgate and simple; leaves 4-5-6-nate, from erect and closely imbricate to spreading, squarrose or recurved, linear or linear-lanceolate, blunt, deeply sulcate to sub-open-backed, variably pubescent and mostly glandular, hispid and ciliate, more rarely glabrous and naked, 3-8 lin. long by 1/3-1/2 lin. wide; flowers umbellate; pedicels glabrous or pubescent, 1-6 lin. long; bracts approximate, or one subremote, linear-lanceolate, oblong or lanceolate, acute or subobtuse, gland-hispid and ciliate, about 2 lin. long; sepals like the bracts but larger, from 2-3 1/2 lin. long; corolla tubular, more or less inflated, slightly constricted at the mouth, more or less pubescent, usually both shortly so and also pilose with longer (sometimes glandular) hairs, mostly crimson, more rarely rosy, 1/2-1 1/3 in. long; limb spreading or erect; anthers included, dorsifixed just above the base, oblong, pallid, about 1 lin. long, mutinous or with very short or rudimentary minute horns; style included or exserted; ovary broadish turbinate, villous.
Resprouting, compact shrub with woody base, 0.3-0.9(-2.0) m high. Leaves 3-6-nate, closely overlapping, spreading or recurved; blade needle-like, 5-17 x 1 mm, glandular, deeply sulcate or subopen-backed. Flowers in compact terminal clusters, umbellate. Calyx sepals 4-7 mm long, bract-like but larger, densely glandular-hairy. Corolla tubular, ± inflated, slightly constricted at mouth, ± pubescent, crimson, dark pinkish red, orange-red or white with red apex; lobes spreading, obtuse. Anthers included, oblong; appendages short or minute; pore 1/2 length of theca. Ovary broadish turbinate, villous; style included or exserted; stigma capitate. Flowering time all year.
A shrub. It has a woody base and stems up to 30 cm high. The leaves are about 5 mm long. The flowers are in close clusters at the ends of the branches. The flower tubes are 3.5 cm long. They are usually white and spread slightly at the ends.
Erect, resprouting shrub, mostly compact to 30 cm, sometimes sparse to 1.2 m. Flowers large, tubular-inflated, orange-red, hairy.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.5 - 1.0
Mature height (meter) 1.25 - 1.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Dry flats and in the mountains. Found in a variety of habitats from the coastal plains to to tops of mountains.
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It is a subtropical plant. In Swaziland it is in the high veld only.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 4-6
Soil acidity 2-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

The nectar of the flower is sucked.
Uses medicinal
Edible flowers nectars
Therapeutic use Nectar (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Erica cerinthoides flower picture by Daniel Barthelemy (cc-by-nc)
Erica cerinthoides flower picture by Daniel Barthelemy (cc-by-nc)
Erica cerinthoides flower picture by Daniel Barthelemy (cc-by-nc)

Distribution

Erica cerinthoides world distribution map, present in Lesotho, eSwatini, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328400-1
WFO ID wfo-0000671650
COL ID 6GKL5
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Erica cerinthoides Ericoides cerinthodes Erica cerinthoides var. cerinthoides Erica crinifolia

Lower taxons

Erica cerinthoides var. barbertona