Erica thamnoides E.G.H.Oliv.

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Ericaceae > Erica

Characteristics

Erect woody shrub up to 1.5 m tall, single-stemmed reseeder. Branches: numerous erect main branches terminating in an inflorescence or continuing vegetative growth, with many short secondary and very short tertiary flowering branchlets, the latter only 2.0 mm long, young branches with very short spreading scabrid simple or semi-stellate hairs, sometimes with short gland-tipped hairs admixed, no infrafoliar ridges. Leaves 3-nate, imbricate erect, 4.0-6.0 x 0.5 mm, oblong, apex subacute, adaxially flattened, abaxially subacute and narrowly sulcate, margins acute ciliolate and with minute sessile glands, otherwise glabrous; petiole adpressed, 0.4 mm long, glabrous or minutely puberulous, edges glabrous or ciliolate or with sessile glands. Inflorescence: flowers 3-nate in 1 or 2 whorls, when 2-whorled then umbel-like, terminal on main branches and secondary and tertiary branchlets; pedicel 0.1-0.2 mm long, puberulous; bract partially recaulescent, approximate to calyx, 0.8-1.3 x 0.2 mm, from as long as calyx to as short as bracteoles, oblong to oblanceolate, sulcate for 1/3 its length, apex acute, puberulous, green mainly at apex; bracteoles 2, approximate, 0.8 x 0.2 mm, oblong, apex acute, greenish, otherwise like bract. Calyx 4-lobed, 1.5 x 1.3 mm, broadly funnel-shaped, obscurely and obtusely ridged opposite the lobes, pale green to white or pinkish, puberulous; lobes 1/2-1/3 length of calyx, triangular, apex acute, narrowly sulcate and strongly keeled for their full length, ciliolate, with numerous sticky sessile glands mainly towards edges adaxially, lobes agglutinated to corolla. Corolla 4-lobed, 2.5-3.5 x 1.3 mm, obovoid-urceolate, often slightly contracted at mouth, obtuse-angular alternating with the lobes, reticulate when dry, glabrous, pinkish cream to deep pink; lobes erect or slightly recurved, 0.5 x 0.3 mm, rounded, often erase. Stamens 4, exserted, free; filaments just longer than the corolla, linear, glabrous; anthers basifixed, subbasally fixed, oblong, spurred on filament just below thecae; spurs oblong-triangular, aculeate, pendulous; thecae 1.2 x 0.2 mm, oblong, erect, aculeate at edges and between thecae, dark brown; pore 1/3-1/2 length of theca; pollen in monads. Ovary 1-locular, 0.5 x 0.5 mm, obovoid, 4-lobed or-angled, apex acute, glabrous, with distinct basal nectaries; ovules 4, pendulous, placenta apical; style exserted, 1.5-2x as long as corolla, terete, glabrous; stigma cyathiform. Fruit a semi-dehiscent capsule splitting partially into 4 valves, valves tough yet flexible, endocarp of 2 lignified layers, exocarp and mesocarp thin, no crystals present; seeds not shed, ellipsoid, testa thick, foveate, the cells slightly elongate, with straight or finely undulate anticlinal walls, finely pitted. Flowering time: most summer months, but varying according to locality.
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Erect, woody shrub, up to 1.5 m high, single-stemmed reseeder. Leaves 3-nate, imbricate, erect, 4-6 x 0.5 mm, oblong, apex subacute, adaxially flattened, abaxially subacute, narrowly sulcate. Flowers 3-nate in 1 or 2 whorls, when 2-whorled, then umbellike. Calyx 4-lobed, broadly funnel-shaped; many sessile glands mainly towards edges adaxially. Corolla 4-lobed, obovoid-urceolate, glabrous, pinkish cream-coloured to deep pink; lobes ± erect, rounded. Stamens 4, exserted, free; filaments linear; anthers, basally to subbasally fixed, exserted, oblong; thecae oblong, erect, aculeate, dark brown; pore 1/3-1/2 length of theca; terminal appendages oblong-triangular, aculeate, pendulous, basal appendages on filaments just below thecae. Ovary 1-locular, obovoid, nectaries distinct, basal; style exserted, terete; stigma cyathiform. Flowering time Oct.-Apr.
Erect shrub to 1.5 m. Flowers small, ovoid-urn-shaped, pink, with 4 exserted anthers.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
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Germination treatment stratification
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Productivity -

Distribution

Erica thamnoides world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:1017355-1
WFO ID wfo-0000673407
COL ID 6GLHN
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Erica thamnoides Thamnus multiflorus