Eruca Mill.

Rocketsalad (en), Roquette (fr)

Genus

Angiosperms > Brassicales > Brassicaceae

Characteristics

Annuals; not scapose; glabrous, hirsute, or hispid, (trichomes often retrorse). Stems erect, branched [unbranched]. Leaves basal and cauline; petiolate or sessile; basal rosulate or not, petiolate, blade margins usually lyrate-pinnatifid or pinnatipartite, rarely bipinnatisect or undivided; cauline shortly petiolate or sessile, blade (base not auriculate), margins entire, dentate, or pinnatifid. Racemes (corymbose), greatly elongated in fruit. Fruiting pedicels erect to ascending, stout. Flowers: sepals (sometimes persistent), erect, oblong [linear], (connivent), lateral pair saccate basally; petals cream or yellow (with dark brown or purple veins), broadly obovate, claw differentiated from blade (± equal to sepals, apex obtuse or emarginate); stamens strongly tetradynamous; filaments not dilated basally; anthers oblong or linear, (base sagittate, apex obtuse); nectar glands (4), distinct, median pair present. Fruits siliques, dehiscent, sessile, segments 2, linear or oblong [elliptic], not torulose, terete or slightly 4-angled; (terminal segment indehiscent, flattened and ensiform, seedless); valves each with prominent midvein, (coriaceous), glabrous, hirsute, or hispid; replum rounded; septum complete, (membranous); ovules 10-50 per ovary; (style obsolete); stigma conical, 2-lobed (lobes connivent, decurrent). Seeds biseriate, plump, not winged, [sub]globose or ovoid; seed coat (minutely reticulate), mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons conduplicate. x = 11.
More
Herbs annual or perennial. Trichomes absent or simple. Stems erect or ascending, leafy or leafless. Basal leaves petiolate, rosulate or not, simple, often lyrate-pinnatifid, rarely bipinnatisect or dentate. Cauline leaves petiolate or sessile, not auriculate, entire, dentate, or lyrate-pinnatifid, sometimes absent. Racemes ebracteate, elongated considerably in fruit. Fruiting pedicels erect or ascending and subappressed to rachis, rarely divaricate. Sepals oblong or linear, deciduous or rarely persistent, erect, base of lateral pair saccate. Petals cream or yellow with dark brown or purple veins, or entire blade purple; blade broadly obovate or oblanceolate, rounded or emarginate; claw subequaling or longer than sepals. Stamens 6, strongly tetradynamous; anthers oblong or linear, obtuse at apex. Nectar glands 4 or 2; lateral pair prismatic; median pair ovoid or oblong, or absent. Ovules 10-50 per ovary. Fruit siliques or silicles, linear, oblong, or ellipsoid, terete or 4-angled, sessile, segmented; valvular segment dehiscent, many seeded; valves smooth, leathery, with a prominent midvein; terminal segment indehiscent, seedless, flattened and ensiform, or 4-angled, shorter or longer than valves; replum rounded; septum complete, membranous; style obsolete; stigma conical, 2-lobed, lobes connivent, decurrent. Seeds biseriate, wingless, globose or ovoid, plump; seed coat minutely reticulate, mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons conduplicate.
Sep erect, the inner somewhat saccate at base; pet spatulate, the blade tapering gradually to the long slender claw, staminal glands minute; ovary cylindric, gradually tapering into the elongate style; ovules numerous; stigma minute; fr slightly flattened, several-seeded, tipped with a prominent flat beak; valves conspicuously 1-nerved; seeds in 2 rows in each locule; herbs with branched stems and large, mostly pinnately or lyrately lobed lvs; pubescence sparse, of simple hairs. 4, Mediterranean and e. Afr.
Annual herbs. Sepals erect, the inner pair somewhat saccate. Petals long, clawed. Stamens 6. Nectariferous glands 4, crescent-shaped inside base of short stamens, ligulate outside base of long stamens. Siliqua dehiscent, somewhat flattened parallel to septum, beaked; beak seedless; valves with one prominent midrib. Seeds in two rows. Cotyledons conduplicate; radicle incumbent.
Silique comparatively broad with prominently 1-veined valves and a broad, flat, seedless beak Seeds 2-seriate, spherical or ovoid.
Flowers yellowish, cream or purplish in terminal, ebracteate racemes.
Sepals erect, inner pair saccate at the base.
Petals exceeding the sepals, unguiculate.
Annual, biennial or perennial herbs.
Cotyledons conduplicate.
Stigma bilobed.
Stamens 6.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
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Fruit color
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Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

Light -
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Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
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Images

Eruca unspecified picture

Distribution

Eruca world distribution map, present in Australia, China, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:12574-1
WFO ID wfo-4000013943
COL ID 62RQG
BDTFX ID 86405
INPN ID 192323
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Eruca

Lower taxons

Eruca vesicaria Eruca pinnatifida Eruca foleyi