Erysimum capitatum Greene

Sanddune wallflower (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Brassicales > Brassicaceae > Erysimum

Characteristics

Biennials or perennials; (short-lived). Trichomes of leaves 2-4(-7)-rayed. Stems erect, often branched distally, sometimes proximally, (0.5-)1.2-10(-12) dm. Basal leaves (often withered by flowering); blade spatulate to narrowly oblanceolate or linear, 2-18(-27) cm × 3-15(-30) mm, base attenuate, margins entire or dentate to denticulate, apex acute. Cauline leaves (distal) sessile; blade margins entire or denticulate. Racemes considerably elongated in fruit. Fruiting pedicels divaricate to ascending, stout or slender, narrower than fruit, 4-17(-25) mm. Flowers: sepals narrowly oblong, 7-14 mm, lateral pair saccate basally; petals usually orange to yellow, rarely lavender or purplish, suborbicular to obovate, 12-25 (-30) × (5-)6-10(-13) mm, claw 8-16 mm, apex rounded; median filaments 9-18 mm; anthers linear, 3-4 mm. Fruits divaricate or ascending to erect, narrowly linear, straight or curved upward, not torulose, 3.5-11(-15) cm × 1.3-3.3 mm, 4-angled to latiseptate, not striped; valves with prominent midvein, pubescent outside, trichomes 2-5-rayed, glabrous inside; ovules (40-)54-82 per ovary; style cylindrical, usually stout, rarely slender, 0.2-2.5(-3) mm, sparsely pubescent; stigma 2-lobed, lobes as long as wide. Seeds oblong, 1.5-4 × 1-2 mm; winged apically or not winged. 2n = 36.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.6 - 0.8
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.3
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Found in many habitats from southern British Columbia to California at 750-3600 metres. Open dry flats and hillsides, from the lowest valleys to about 3,000 metres in the mountains.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 2-6
Soil acidity 5-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-7

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Emetic (flower), Emetic (fruit), Analgesic (leaf), Antirheumatic (External) (leaf), Respiratory Aid (pod), Toothache (root), Analgesic (seed), Gastrointestinal Aid (seed), Tuberculosis Remedy (tuber), Ceremonial Medicine (unspecified), Emetic (unspecified), Gynecological Aid (unspecified), Antirheumatic (External) (unspecified), Dermatological Aid (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 10 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 20
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -40
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Erysimum capitatum flower picture by Monika Kopp (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Erysimum capitatum world distribution map, present in United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:283681-1
WFO ID wfo-0000678546
COL ID 3BBGR
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Erysimum tilimi Cheirinia elata Erysimum capitatum Erysimum elatum Erysimum torulosum Cheiranthus angustatus Cheiranthus capitatus Cheiranthus elatus Cheiranthus wheeleri Erysimum greenei Cheirinia wheeleri Erysimum macradenium Erysimum wheeleri Erysimum asperum subsp. capitatum Erysimum asperum var. lompocense Erysimum arenicola var. torulosum Erysimum arkansanum var. angustifolium Erysimum arkansanum var. latifolium Erysimum arkansanum var. medium Erysimum asperum var. arkansanum Erysimum asperum var. bealianum Erysimum asperum var. capitatum Erysimum asperum var. elatum Erysimum asperum var. stellatum Erysimum capitatum var. angustatum Erysimum capitatum var. bealianum Erysimum capitatum var. lompocense Erysimum capitatum var. stellatum Erysimum capitatum var. washoense Erysimum insulare var. angustatum Erysimum suffrutescens var. lompocense Erysimum capitatum f. pallidum Erysimum moniliforme Erysimum capitatum var. capitatum Erysimum capitatum subsp. capitatum

Lower taxons

Erysimum capitatum subsp. angustatum Erysimum capitatum subsp. lompocense Erysimum capitatum var. purshii