Erythrococca kirkii Prain

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Erythrococca

Characteristics

A much-branched, straggling often scandent or erect shrub up to 4.5 m., but more often to 3 m.. Bark rough.. Twigs light green or grey-green, evenly lenticellate.. Young shoots and petioles evenly to sparingly puberulous or glabrous.. Petioles (0.5–)1–1.5(–2.5) cm. long, purplish; leaf-blades ovate or elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, 5–15 cm. long, 2–8 cm. wide, obtusely shortly acuminate, cuneate or rounded-cuneate, coarsely crenate, chartaceous, brittle, lateral nerves 6–8 pairs, looped well within the margin, scarcely prominent above, slightly so beneath, very sparingly puberulous along the midrib beneath at first, and otherwise ± glabrous, later becoming completely glabrous, dull, light or dark green, often purplish tinged at first.. Stipules broadly triangular, 1 mm. wide, acutely acuminate, slightly accrescent and becoming mammillate-umbonate but scarcely spinulose.. Male inflorescences densely glomerulate, sessile or shortly pedunculate, 1–2 cm. long; peduncles glabrous; bracts minute, ciliate.. Male flowers: pedicels slender, flexuous, extending to 1 cm. at anthesis, glabrous; calyx-lobes 3, broadly triangular, 1 mm. long, 1.3 mm. wide, subacute, glabrous, pale greenish white, sometimes mauve tinged; extrastaminal disc-glands flat, irregularly connate into an interrupted annulus, pubescent; interstaminal glands erect, rhomboidal, truncate, pubescent, purple; stamens 8(–13), 2 central, the rest peripheral, 0.5 mm. long, white or purplish brown.. Female inflorescences fewer-flowered than ♂, but otherwise similar.. Female flowers: pedicels 3–4 mm. long, stouter than in ♂; calyx-lobes smaller than ♂, ciliate, yellow; disc-glands 3, scale-like; ovary trilobate, 1 mm. diameter, sparingly puberulous to subglabrous, purple; styles free, 1 mm. long, stigmas fimbriate-laciniate throughout, white.. Fruit tricoccous, or by abortion di-or monococcous, the cocci 3–4 mm. diameter, glabrous or subglabrous, yellowish, greenish, reddish or purplish.. Seeds 2.5–3 mm. diameter, shallowly foveolate-reticulate, aril yellow, orange or red.. Fig. 53/1–4.
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Leaves 5–15 × 2–8 cm, ovate or elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, shortly obtusely acuminate at the apex, coarsely crenate on the margin, cuneate or rounded-cuneate at the base, soft when fresh, chartaceous and brittle when dried, sparingly puberulous only along the midrib beneath at first, soon becoming completely glabrous, dull, pale or dark green, often purplish-tinged when young; lateral nerves in 6–8 pairs, looped well within the margin, scarcely prominent above, slightly so beneath.
Male flowers: pedicels extending to 1 cm at anthesis, slender, flexuous, glabrous; calyx lobes 3, 1 × 1.3 mm, broadly triangular, subacute, glabrous, pale greenish-white, sometimes mauve-tinged; extrastaminal disk of several irregularly connate, flat, pubescent glands; interstaminal glands erect, rhomboidal, truncate, pubescent, purple; stamens 8–13, 2 of which are central, the rest peripheral, 0.5 mm long, white or purplish-brown.
A straggling shrub. It can grow 4.5 m tall. The bark is rough. The leaves are alternate and simple. They are oval and 5-15 cm long by 2-8 cm wide. The base is wedge shaped and they taper to the tip. The flowers are in rounded groups 1-2 cm long. There are fewer female flowers than male flowers. The fruit are a 3 lobed capsule.
Female flowers: pedicels 3–4 mm long, stouter than in male; calyx lobes smaller than in male, ciliate, yellow; disk glands 3, scale-like; ovary 1 mm in diameter, 3-lobed, sparingly puberulous to subglabrous, purple; styles 1 mm long, free, stigmas fimbriate-laciniate, white.
Male inflorescences 1–2 cm long, densely glomerulate, sessile or shortly pedunculate, the peduncles glabrous; bracts minute, ciliate.
Fruit 3 × 6 mm, tricoccous, or by abortion di-or monococcous, glabrous or subglabrous, greenish, reddish or purplish.
Stipules 1 mm wide, broadly triangular, slightly accrescent, becoming mammillate-umbonate but scarcely spinulose.
Seeds 2.5–3 mm in diameter, shallowly foveolate-reticulate, yellow, orange or red.
Female inflorescences similar to those of the male, but fewer flowered.
Young growth evenly to sparingly puberulous or glabrous.
Twigs pale green or grey-green, evenly lenticellate.
A shrub commonly to 1.5 m tall, sometimes taller.
Petioles 0.5–2.5 cm long, purplish.
Bark rough.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0
Root system -
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Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Forest edges; coastal bushland or thickets; when growing inland it is found mostly along rivers or beside lakes, at elevations from sea level to 1,200 metres.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows in forests and along rivers and on the edges of woodland and lakes. It grows up to 1,250 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The chopped leaves are eaten cooked as a vegetable. They are often mixed with other vegetables. The ripe fruits are eaten raw.
Uses animal food environmental use food fuel gene source medicinal wood
Edible fruits leaves seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Vigor -
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Distribution

Erythrococca kirkii world distribution map, present in Kenya, Mozambique, and Tanzania, United Republic of

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:345357-1
WFO ID wfo-0000954004
COL ID 3BDLM
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Erythrococca mitis Erythrococca kirkii Claoxylon kirkii