Euphorbia cooperi N.E.Br. ex A.Berger

Candelabra tree (en), Euphorbe (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia

Characteristics

Tree to 9(–12) m. high, or occasionally a shrub to ± 2 m. high; trunk simple, to 35 cm. thick, bark greyish brown, rough and fissured, with whorls of 4–9 pit-scars resulting from fallen branches; branches curving upwards, to 2.5 m. long, occasionally rebranching to form a rounded, flat-topped crown, fleshy, (3–)4–6(–8)-angled, 5–20 cm. wide, distinctly winged, deeply constricted at ± regular intervals into pear-shaped to subcircular segments 10–50 cm. long; angles shallowly sinuately toothed, with teeth ± regularly spaced 5–25 mm. apart.. Spine-shields contiguous to form a horny margin 3–10 mm. wide, becoming corky on older branches; spines 3–10 mm. long, or occasionally to 30 mm. on the lower branches; prickles vestigial or absent.. Leaves deltoid, ± 1.5 × 1.5 mm.. Cymes 1–3 in a horizontal row, 1-forked, subsessile; bracts rounded, ± 4.5 × 6.5 mm.. Cyathia ± 4.5 × 8 mm., with cup-shaped involucres; glands transversely oblong, ± 1.5 × 4 mm., just touching, golden yellow; lobes subquadrate, ± 1.5 × 2 mm.. Male flowers: bracteoles very deeply laciniate, plumose; stamens 6.8 mm. long.. Female flower: perianth obvious, shallowly lobed; styles 2–5.5 mm. long, joined for 1/2–2/3, apices thickened, rugulose, ± bifid.. Capsule exserted on a stout pedicel 4–10 mm. long, distinctly 3-lobed, with truncate base, 6–7.5 × 10–13.5 mm.. Seeds subglobose, 2.8–3.5 mm. in diameter, pale greyish brown, speckled, smooth.
More
Flat-topped candelabriform succulent tree, 2–6(9) m high, shrub-like to c. 2 m high in younger plants; trunk stout cylindric, scarred from fallen branches; branches arcuate-ascending, shortly exceeding the trunk apex, usually simple or occasionally branched near the apices, deeply and variably segmented; segments 10–50 × 5–20 cm, (2)3–7(8)-winged; the angles shallowly sinuate-undulate, with tubercles 8–25 mm apart along the margins.
Cyathia c. 4.5 × 8 mm, with cup-shaped involucres; glands c. 1.5 × 4 mm, transversely oblong, touching, golden-yellow; lobes c. 1.5 × 2 mm, subquadrate.
Female flower: perianth shallowly lobed; styles variable, from c. 2 mm and free almost to the base, to 5.5 mm and united for two-thirds, apices bifid.
Spine shields joined to form a continuous horny margin to the wings; spines to 10 mm long; prickles vestigial.
Capsule variable in size and degree of lobing, 6–10 × 10–13.5 mm; pedicel stout, 4–10 mm long.
Cymes 1–3, horizontally arranged, with cyathia vertically arranged, subsessile.
Seeds 2.8–3.5 mm in diameter, subglobose, pale greyish-brown, speckled, smooth.
Male flowers: bracteoles deeply laciniate, plumose.
Leaves c. 1.5 × 1.5 mm, deltate.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 4.5 - 5.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Wooded grassland and on rocky hillsides, usually forming colonies, at elevations from 200-1,500 metres.
Light 4-6
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-10

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 10 - 15
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -18
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Euphorbia cooperi unspecified picture

Distribution

Euphorbia cooperi world distribution map, present in Botswana, Mozambique, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Euphorbia cooperi threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346111-1
WFO ID wfo-0000961479
COL ID 6GYTP
BDTFX ID 123818
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Euphorbia cooperi

Lower taxons

Euphorbia cooperi var. cooperi Euphorbia cooperi var. ussanguensis