Euphorbia espinosa Pax

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia

Characteristics

Erect or sometimes scandent woody shrub to 2(–4) m. high, with smooth shiny bark; young branches pubescent.. Leaves petiolate, elliptic, to 4.5 × 2.5 cm., base cuneate, apex rounded and minutely apiculate, margin entire, midrib prominent beneath, young leaves pubescent towards the base; petiole to 1 cm. long, usually pubescent on young leaves; glandular stipules large, reddish.. Cymes of solitary, axillary cyathia, surrounded at the base by 4–8 scarious oblong bracts, ± 2 × 1.5 mm., with finely ciliate margins.. Cyathia subsessile, ± 3 × 5 mm., with funnel-shaped involucres; glands 5, transversely elliptic, ± 1.5 × 2.5 mm., yellowish green, touching; lobes subquadrate, ± 1 mm. long, margin denticulate.. Male flowers: bracteoles deeply laciniate, margins ciliate; stamens 3.5 mm. long.. Female flower: ovary glabrous, subtended by an obvious 3-lobed perianth; styles 2 mm. long, joined for 1/3, with spreading, bifid apices.. Capsule exserted on a reflexed usually puberulous pedicel to 1 cm. long, deeply 3-lobed with slightly depressed apex, to 8.5 × 10 mm., green often tinged with purple.. Seeds ovoid, ± 5.5 × 4.5 mm., slightly dorsi-ventrally compressed, smooth, pale grey with a yellow cap-like caruncle 2.5 mm. wide.
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Leaves with a petiole to 12 mm long, usually pubescent on young leaves, with long spreading hairs; stipules glandular, conspicuous, reddish; lamina to 4.5(6) × 3 cm, elliptic, rounded and minutely apiculate at the apex, abruptly cuneate at the base, entire, midrib prominent beneath, young leaves pubescent towards the base.
Cyathia c. 3 × 5 mm, with funnel-shaped involucres; glands 5, c. 1.5 × 2.5 mm, transversely elliptic, yellowish-green, touching; lobes c. 1 mm long, subquadrate, margin denticulate.
Capsule to 8.5 × 10 mm, deeply 3-lobed with a slightly depressed apex, green often tinged with purple, exserted on a reflexed, usually puberulous, pedicel to 10 mm long.
Cymes reduced to solitary, axillary subsessile cyathia, surrounded at the base by 4–8 scarious bracts, c. 2 × 1.5 mm, with finely ciliate margins.
Female flower: ovary glabrous, subtended by an obvious 3-lobed perianth; styles 2 mm long, joined for one-third, with spreading bifid apices.
Seeds c. 5.5 × 4.5 mm, ovoid, slightly dorsi-ventrally compressed, smooth, pale grey; caruncle cap-like, 2.5 mm wide, yellow.
Erect or occasionally scandent woody shrub to 3 m high, with a smooth shiny bark; young branchlets pubescent.
Shrub or small tree, up to 3 m high, many-stemmed, woody. Leaves ovate to elliptic, up to 55 x 32 mm.
Male flowers: bracteoles deeply laciniate, margins ciliate; stamens 3.5 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Acacia-Commiphora bushland; mopane, miombo and other deciduous woodlands; at elevations from 300-1,500 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 10 - 15
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Euphorbia espinosa unspecified picture

Distribution

Euphorbia espinosa world distribution map, present in Angola, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Kenya, Namibia, Tanzania, United Republic of, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346444-1
WFO ID wfo-0000961970
COL ID 3CNRP
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Euphorbia espinosa Euphorbia nebrownii Euphorbia gynophora Euphorbia nodosa