Euphorbia humifusa Willd.

Euphorbe couchée (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Euphorbia

Characteristics

Herbs, annual, 20(-30) cm tall. Root fibrous, 2-3 mm, usually single. Stems many from base, prostrate or ascending, 1-3 mm thick, often red or pinkish red, glabrous or pilose. Leaves opposite; stipules membranous, deeply divided into often threadlike lobes, to 1.5 mm, caducous; petiole 1-2 mm; leaf blade oblong or elliptic, 5-10 × 3-6 mm, adaxially green, abaxially light green, sometimes light red, both surfaces glabrous or pilose, base obliquely truncate, margin finely serrulate above middle, apex obtuse. Cyathia single, axillary, peduncle 1-3 mm; involucre turbinate, ca. 1 × 1 mm, marginal lobes 4, triangular; glands 4, oblong, appendages white or pink-red. Male flowers many, as high as cup. Female flower: ovary 3-angular-ovoid, smooth and glabrous; styles free, persistent; stigma 2-lobed. Capsule 3-angular-ovoid-globose, ca. 2 × 2.2 mm, smooth. Seeds 3-angular-ovoid-globose, ca. 1.3 × 0.9 mm, gray, each side smooth; caruncle absent. Fl. and fr. May-Oct. 2n = 22*.
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A low herb. It spreads over the ground and is 15-20 cm across. The small branches are slender. The leaves are opposite and small. They do not have leaf stalks. They are 5-10 mm long by 4-6 mm wide. The base is oblique. There are teeth along the edge. The leaves are green and tinged purplish-red. The flowers are small and red. The fruit capsules are almost round and the seeds are 3 sided.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread myrmecochory
Mature width (meter) 0.15 - 0.2
Mature height (meter) 0.15 - 0.2
Root system creeping-root fibrous-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c4

Environment

It is a temperate plant. In China it grows from sea level to 3,000 m above sea level. It can be on sandy hills and sea shores.
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Stony or disturbed ground.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture 4-7
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-9

Usage

Caution: All Euphorbias or spurges have irritating sap and many have chemicals that can cause cancer. The shoots and leaves are eaten.
Uses medicinal
Edible leaves shoots
Therapeutic use Bite(Snake) (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Hematuria (unspecified), Hemorrhage (unspecified), Hemostat (unspecified), Jaundice (unspecified), Scabies (unspecified), Skin (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Trauma (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Wound (unspecified), Alexiteric (unspecified), Enteritis (unspecified), Impetigo (unspecified), Menorrhagia (unspecified)
Human toxicity toxic (seed)
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 10 - 15
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Euphorbia humifusa unspecified picture

Distribution

Euphorbia humifusa world distribution map, present in Austria, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Chile, China, Czech Republic, Spain, France, Greece, Hungary, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Montenegro, Poland, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Romania, Turks and Caicos Islands, Taiwan, Province of China, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:346840-1
WFO ID wfo-0000962625
COL ID 3CP7N
BDTFX ID 25922
INPN ID 97543
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Chamaesyce humifusa f. glabra Chamaesyce humifusa f. pilosa Anisophyllum humifusum Chamaesyce humifusa Chamaesyce tashiroi Euphorbia confusa Euphorbia goeringii Euphorbia humifusa Euphorbia tashiroi Euphorbia polygonisperma Euphorbia humifusa f. glabra Euphorbia humifusa f. pilosa Euphorbia humifusa f. glabra Euphorbia sanguinea Euphorbia pseudochamaesyce Chamaesyce humifusa var. glabra Chamaesyce humifusa var. pilosa Chamaesyce humifusa var. pseudochamaesyce Euphorbia chamaesyce var. glabra Euphorbia chamaesyce var. pilosa Euphorbia humifusa var. glabra Euphorbia humifusa var. pilosa Euphorbia humifusa var. pseudochamaesyce Euphorbia pseudochamaesyce f. pilosa Tithymalus humifusus