Euphrasia nemorosa (Pers.) Wettst.

Common eyebright (en), Euphraise des forêts (fr), Euphraise des bois (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Orobanchaceae > Euphrasia

Characteristics

Erect, rather bushy, many-branched annual herb to c. 15 cm tall; stems single. Stem and branches covered with retrorse, curly hairs; lower internodes usually much > lvs. Lvs subsessile, to c. 5 × 3 mm, ovate, broadly triangular, broad-ovate or oblong, glabrous or nearly so, lobed or deeply crenate-serrate, minutely ciliolate; teeth of lobes ± obtuse, or in upper lvs and bracts acute to acuminate. Fls in axils of middle and upper lvs. Pedicels c. 0.5 mm long. Calyx 4-6 mm long; lobes = or almost = tube, narrow-triangular or lanceolate, acute or acuminate, ribbed, ciliolate, accrescent. Corolla 6-7.5 mm long; tube and throat of limb yellow; lobes mauve or whitish with dark veins, hairy outside; lower lip > upper lip; middle lobe of lower lip > lateral lobes, oblong, strongly emarginate. Anthers brown; margins pilose; awns very unequal. Capsule c. = calyx, 3.5-6.5 mm long, oblong, ± hairy above, ciliate; apex rounded, truncate to somewhat retuse. Seed 1.2-1.6 mm long, narrowly ellipsoid-oblong, ribbed.
More
A small annual herb. It has a taproot. It grows 10-40 cm tall. The stems are slender and squarish. The leaves are hairy. They flowers are pale lavender with purple lines and a yellow spot.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support parasite
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.38
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It grows in dry open areas.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

The leaves are added to salads for their bitter flavour.
Uses -
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Euphrasia nemorosa habit picture by Alain Lagrave (cc-by-sa)
Euphrasia nemorosa habit picture by Pierre LEON (cc-by-sa)
Euphrasia nemorosa habit picture by gilles collin (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Euphrasia nemorosa leaf picture by John Murtaugh (cc-by-sa)
Euphrasia nemorosa leaf picture by Pierre LEON (cc-by-sa)
Euphrasia nemorosa leaf picture by gilles collin (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Euphrasia nemorosa flower picture by Heidi Thaler (cc-by-sa)
Euphrasia nemorosa flower picture by Patrick (cc-by-sa)
Euphrasia nemorosa flower picture by judith vanschijndel (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Euphrasia nemorosa world distribution map, present in Austria, Belgium, Canada, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Finland, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Croatia, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Poland, Russian Federation, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Sweden, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60463342-2
WFO ID wfo-0001136770
COL ID 3CRZJ
BDTFX ID 26223
INPN ID 97776
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Euphrasia americana Euphrasia canadensis Euphrasia nitidula Euphrasia americana var. canadensis Euphrasia officinalis var. nemorosa Euphrasia nemorosa