Festuca pratensis Huds.

Meadow fescue (en), Fétuque des prés (fr), Schédonore des prés (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Festuca

Characteristics

Tufted, but often with basally decumbent culms; old sheaths brown, decaying to fibers, culms erect above a geniculate base, 3–12 dm, glabrous; sheaths smooth; blades lax, not evidently ridge-veined, glabrous or scabrous, 3–5(–7) mm wide, dilated at base into conspicuous smooth auricles; infl 1–2.5 dm, erect or nodding at the tip, contracted at least after anthesis, the internodes of the branches less than twice as long as the spikelets; spikelets 10–15 mm, 4–10-fld; first glume subulate, 2.5–4 mm, 1-veined, the second lanceolate, 3.5–5 mm, 3–5-veined, with hyaline margins; larger lemmas 5.5–7 mm, usually glabrous, 5-veined, the tip hyaline, acute, rarely with a short awn to 2 mm; rachilla-joints glossy, smooth or very nearly so; anthers 2–4 mm; 2n mostly = 14. Native of Europe, cult. for forage and established in fields, meadows, and moist soil throughout most of the U.S. and adj. Can. (Schedonorus p.)
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Plant loosely tufted; shoots extravaginal. Culms 30–130 cm tall, nodes 2–4. Leaf sheaths glabrous; auricles falcate, glabrous; leaf blades flat or loosely rolled, 10–25 cm × 2–7 mm, glabrous, veins 18–25; adaxial to abaxial sclerenchyma strands present; ligule 0.2–0.5 mm, margin ciliate. Panicle compact except at anthesis, (6–)10–25 cm; branches usually paired, (3.5–)4–6.5 cm, unequal, longer branch with 4–6 spikelets, shorter branch with 1–3 spikelets. Spikelets 8.5–17 mm; florets (2–)4–12; glumes glabrous or scabrid; lower glume (2–)2.6–4(–4.5) mm; upper glume (3–)3.5–5 mm; rachilla internodes scabrid; lemmas (5–)6–8 mm, smooth or scabrid, apex hyaline, acute, rarely awn–tipped; awns 0–2 mm; palea keels scabrid. Anthers (0.5–)2–4.6 mm. Ovary apex glabrous. 2n = 14, 28, 42, 70.
Perennial, caespitose. Culms 30–140 cm high, smooth. Young shoots extravaginal or intravaginal. Leaves: basal sheath margins connate; ligule 0.2–1.5 mm long; auricles glabrous; blade loosely involute or flat, linear, 10–25 cm long, 2–5 mm wide, adaxially glabrous or pubescent. Panicles open at anthesis, otherwise contracted, (6–) 10–15 cm long. Spikelets 9–14 (–17) mm long, with 4–10 bisexual florets. Glumes: lower glume 2.5–4 mm long, 1 (–3)-nerved; upper glume 3.5–6 mm long. Lemma 5–7 (–8) mm long, acute, usually muticous or rarely with awn to 2 mm long, dorsally rounded, obscurely 5-nerved, smooth or scaberulous; awn subapical, to 3 mm long. Caryopsis ellipsoid.
A grass. It forms loose tufts and keeps growing from year to year. It grows 30-120 cm high. It can be erect or spreading. The leaf blades are flat and ribbed above. They are 45 cm long and 3-8 mm wide. They are shiny underneath.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 1.2
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.2
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Presumably planted for fodder and escaping in damp sites(e.g. roadside drains and embankments etc.). 
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It is a temperate plant. In Pakistan it grows at about 2,000 m altitude. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 1-6
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-11

Usage

Uses fodder forage ornamental
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Festuca pratensis unspecified picture

Distribution

Festuca pratensis world distribution map, present in Australia, China, France, and Pakistan

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:316117-2
WFO ID wfo-0000871673
COL ID 6HSHW
BDTFX ID 27424
INPN ID 98460
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Festuca apennina Festuca poioides Festuca pratensis Festuca pubescens Schedonorus apenninus Schedonorus pluriflorus Festuca glabra Festuca arctica Festuca elatior f. parviflora Festuca elatior f. mucornata Festuca multiflora Bromus pratensis Festuca pluriflora Festuca australis Festuca elatior subsp. apennina Festuca elatior subsp. pratensis Festuca elatior var. apennina Festuca elatior var. macrostachya Festuca elatior var. mucronata Festuca elatior var. multiflora Festuca elatior var. pratensis Festuca elatior var. sicula Festuca poioides var. americana Festuca pratensis subsp. apennina Schedonorus pratensis subsp. pluriflorus Festuca pratensis subsp. apenninus Festuca apennina subsp. pubescens Festuca elatior var. pluriflora