Gentiana macrophylla Pall.

Bigleaf gentian (en), Gentiane de Villars (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Gentianaceae > Gentiana

Characteristics

Perennials 30-60 cm tall. Roots to 30 × 2 cm. Stems ascending to erect, stout, simple, glabrous. Basal leaves petiole 3-5 cm, membranous; leaf blade elliptic-lanceolate to elliptic-ovate, 6-28 × 2.5-6 cm, base narrowed, margin scabrous, apex acuminate, veins 5-7. Stem leaves 3-5 pairs; petiole to 4 cm, membranous; leaf blade elliptic-lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 4.5-15 × 1.2-3.5 cm, base obtuse, margin scabrous, apex acuminate, veins 3-5. Inflorescences crowded into terminal clusters, many flowered, sometimes also in few-flowered axillary whorls; axillary whorls sessile, rarely on pedunclelike branches. Flowers sessile. Calyx tube spathelike, membranous, split on 1 side; lobes 4 or 5, dentiform, 0.5-1 mm. Corolla blue-purple, with pale yellow base, tubular or urceolate; lobes ovate, 3-4.5 mm, margin entire, apex obtuse to subrounded; plicae triangular, 1-1.5 mm, margin entire, apex acute. Stamens inserted just below middle of corolla tube; filaments 5-7 mm; anthers narrowly ellipsoid, 2-2.5 mm. Style 1.5-2 mm; stigma lobes oblong. Capsules ovoid-ellipsoid, 1.5-1.7 cm; gynophore short. Seeds light brown, ellipsoid, 1.2-1.5 mm. Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.6
Mature height (meter) 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Steppes and glades in light woods. Stream and river banks, roadsides, grassland slopes, wet meadows, forest margins, forests at elevations of 400-2400 metres..
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Inflammation (unspecified), Jaundice (unspecified), Piles (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Arthritis (unspecified), Fever (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings, divisions or seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
Mode cuttings divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 14 - 180
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity dark
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Gentiana macrophylla unspecified picture

Distribution

Gentiana macrophylla world distribution map, present in China

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:368470-1
WFO ID wfo-0000697942
COL ID 6KB9J
BDTFX ID 29777
INPN ID 99905
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Pneumonanthe macrophylla Ericoila macrophylla Gentiana quinquenervia Dasystephana macrophylla Gentiana jakutensis Gentiana macrophylla Hippion macrophyllum Gentiana macrophylla var. minor Gentiana macrophylla var. macrophylla Tretorhiza macrophylla

Lower taxons

Gentiana macrophylla subsp. fetisowii Gentiana macrophylla var. fetissowii