Geranium molle L.

Dovefoot geranium (en), Géranium mollet (fr), Géranium fluet (fr), Géranium grêle (fr), Géranium à tiges grêles (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Geraniales > Geraniaceae > Geranium

Characteristics

Annuals. Stem 10-45 cm tall, erect or decumbent, not rooting at nodes, with 1-1.7 mm patent nonglandular trichomes and 0.2-0.5 mm patent glandular and nonglandular trichomes. Stipules lanceolate, distinct. Leaves alternate; petiole with 1-1.5 mm patent nonglandular trichomes and 0.2-0.5 mm glandular and nonglandular trichomes; leaf blade 0.9-4 cm, palmately cleft, ratio of main sinus/middle segment length = 0.5-0.75, pilose with appressed nonglandular trichomes; segments 5, obtriangular, 1.5-5 mm wide at base, 3(or 4)-lobed at apex, ratio of second sinus/middle segment length = 0.14-0.25. Cymules solitary, 2-flowered; peduncle 0.5-8 cm. Pedicel 0.5-1.5 cm, with 1-1.8 mm patent nonglandular trichomes and 0.2-0.5 mm patent glandular and nonglandular trichomes; bracteoles lanceolate. Sepals (1-)2.5-5.5(-6) mm, mucro 0.1-0.2 mm, ratio of mucro/sepal length = 0.03-0.1, outside with 1-1.5 mm patent nonglandular trichomes and 0.2-0.5 mm ± patent nonglandular and glandular trichomes, outside glabrous. Petals bright purple, 3-8.5(-10.5) mm, erect to patent, both surfaces glabrous, margin basally ciliate, apex emarginate with a 1-2.5 mm notch. Staminal filaments whitish, lanceolate, glabrous except proximal half with some 0.1-0.2 mm cilia; anthers purplish, 0.7-1.5 mm. Nectaries 5, hemispheric, glabrous. Stigma purplish. Fruit 0.8-1.4 cm, erect when immature; mericarps transversely wrinkled, without a basal callus, glabrous but with a few cilia at base; rostrum 6-11 mm, with a 1-3 mm narrowed apex; stigmatic remains 1-2 mm. Seeds 1.4-1.8 mm. Fl. May, fr. May. 2n = 26.
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Taprooted, annual herb, with basal rosette of lvs, densely covered in short or long hairs. Stems decumbent or ± ascending, pinkish, to c. 50 cm long. Petiole of rosette and lower cauline lvs to 14 cm long, densely covered in patent white hairs. Lamina palmately lobed, 1.5-5 × 1.5-6 cm, reniform to orbicular, densely covered in long white hairs; lobes 5-9, extending to c. 3/4 way to petiole, usually with 3 oblong to obovate, obtuse to rounded, secondary lobes towards apex. Upper lvs smaller and simpler with shorter petioles. Fls numerous, usually paired; peduncles with dense, long, white, eglandular and short glandular hairs; pedicels similar but often < peduncles and curving upwards after flowering. Sepals 2-3.5 mm long, ovate, with hairs as on pedicels, mucronate. Petals (3)-4-6 mm long, obovate, rosy pink or pink, deeply emarginate; claw very short. Filaments whitish; anthers mauve. Mericarps c. 1.5 mm long, broad, glabrous, with prominent pale transverse ridges. Seeds smooth.
Annual herb, stems up to ±4  long, decumbent or ascending, pilose with glandular and eglandular hairs. Stipules ovate, acute. Radical leaves tufted, petioles up to 250 mm long, pilose as the stem; blade up to 60 mm in diam., divided halfway or more to the centre into 5-9 lobes, lobes oblong-obovate, deeply 3-fid, both surfaces thinly pilose; cauline leaves similar but petioles progressively shorter and blade reduced. Peduncles opposite the upper reduced leaves eventually forming large compound cymes, usually 2-flowered, pilose with spreading hairs often gland-tipped. Pedicels similar to peduncles. Sepals ±2.5-4 x 1.5-2.5 mm, pilose. Petals ±3-7 x 2-3 mm, deeply notched, purplish-pink. Rostrum glandular-pubescent. Carpels transversely ridged, glabrous.
Annual herb, 0.05-0.45 m long; decumbent or ascending. Radicle leaves tufted; lamina up to 60 mm in diam.; 5-9-lobed halfway or more to the centre; lobes oblong-obovate, deeply 3-fid, both surfaces scarcely pilose; petioles up to 250 mm long, pilose; cauline leaves similar but petioles shorter and lamina reduced. Inflorescences opposite upper reduced leaves, compound cymes large, 2-flowered, pilose with spreading hairs, often gland-tipped; pedicels similar to peduncles. Sepals 2.5-4.0 x 1.5-2.5 mm, pilose. Petals 3-7 x 2-3 mm, deeply notched, purplish pink. Flowering time Dec.? Carpels glabrous, transversely ridged.
Spreading or ascending annual, branched from the base, 2–5 dm; basal lvs rotund or reniform, 2–5 cm wide, 5–9 cleft, the segments usually 3-lobed at the summit; upperlvs progressively reduced, the uppermost alternate; fls numerous; cal and pedicels densely glandular-puberulent and also hirsute; sep acute, 3–4 mm at anthesis; pet 5–7 mm, deeply notched; fr (including the cal) 9–13 mm, the stylar beak 2–5 mm, the carpel-bodies glabrous but usually with oblique, curved wrinkles; 2n=26. Native ofEurope and w. Asia, now widespread as a weed and found here and there in our range. Apr.–Sept.
A low spreading herb. It forms tufts and creeps over the ground. It is greyish green and an annual plant. The stems branch from the base. They are softly hairy. The leaves near the base are rounded or kidney shaped. They are divided into 5-7 wedge shaped 3 lobed segments. The upper leaves are more deeply divided. The flowers are pinkish-purple. They are 7-10 mm across. They are in loose clusters. The petals have deep notches.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) 0.55 - 0.75
Mature height (meter) 0.25 - 0.43
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.1
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows on rocky slopes and can be on sand dunes. In Argentina it grows from sea level and 2,500 m above sea level. Tasmania Herbarium.
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Dry grassland, dunes, waste places and cultivated ground.
Light 5-8
Soil humidity 1-5
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 4-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-9

Usage

The leaves are used in soup.
Uses medicinal
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Cancer (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 400
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Geranium molle habit picture by cscoq (cc-by-sa)
Geranium molle habit picture by Theo Theo Roche (cc-by-sa)
Geranium molle habit picture by Joke Laukens (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Geranium molle leaf picture by Gio Gio (cc-by-sa)
Geranium molle leaf picture by PS 71 (cc-by-sa)
Geranium molle leaf picture by Rosales Ángel (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Geranium molle flower picture by clare black (cc-by-sa)
Geranium molle flower picture by julia fino (cc-by-sa)
Geranium molle flower picture by Jean-Francois Dumas (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Geranium molle fruit picture by cscoq (cc-by-sa)
Geranium molle fruit picture by alain croibien (cc-by-sa)
Geranium molle fruit picture by François MICHIELS (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Geranium molle world distribution map, present in Canada, China, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, India, New Zealand, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:373335-1
WFO ID wfo-0000700868
COL ID 6KDH8
BDTFX ID 29998
INPN ID 100103
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Geranium album Geranium molle Geranium stipulare Geranium abortivum Geranium leiocaulon Geranium luganense Geranium oenense Geranium pseudovillosum Geranium villosum Geranium lucanum Geranium argenteum Geranium macropetalum Geranium malvifolium Geranium molle var. album Geranium molle var. annuum Geranium molle var. caespitosum Geranium molle var. macropetalum Geranium molle var. parvulum Geranium molle subsp. sinjaricum Geranium molle subsp. stipulare Geranium molle var. stipulare Geranium molle var. subperenne Geranium pyrenaicum subsp. villosum Geranium villosum var. villosissimum