Glyceria fluitans (L.) R.Br.

Flottin sweet grass (en), Glycérie flottante (fr), Manne de Pologne (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Glyceria

Characteristics

Loosely tufted or forming loose masses in shallow water. Leaf-sheath closed, papery, light brown or purplish, glabrous, striate, keeled. Ligule (4)-8-10 mm, membranous, tapered. Leaf-blade 10-23 cm × (2)-4.5-7.5 mm, folded or flat, striate, minutely papillose to tubercular-scabrid especially on ribs; margins finely scabrid, rather abruptly narrowed to stiff tip. Culm (20)-45-75 cm, erect or spreading, sometimes prostrate or floating at base, few-noded, internodes glabrous. Panicle (20)-30-55 cm, secund, lax, linear, open at anthesis, later contracted; rachis smooth, branches sparingly scabrid, paired at lower panicle nodes, longer branch with 1-4 spikelets, shorter branch with 1-2 spikelets. Spikelets (15)-20-30 mm, 7-13-flowered, narrowly oblong, green or purple. Glumes unequal, elliptic-oblong; lower 2-3-(4) mm, 1-nerved, acute, upper 3-4-(5.5) mm, 1-(3)-nerved, subobtuse. Lemma 6-7.5 mm, 7-nerved, elliptic-oblong or oblong, subobtuse to subacute, minutely scabrid, margins later incurved; nerves not extending into wide hyaline upper margin. Palea = lemma, oblong-lanceolate, apex sharply, shortly bidentate, keel very minutely scabrid, scarcely winged. Rachilla 1.5-1.8 mm, glabrous. Anthers 1.5-2.5 mm. Caryopsis 2-3 × 0.7-1.2 mm.
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Loosely tufted perennial, often rooting from nodes and freely branching when growing in water. Culms ascending to erect, to 100 cm high. Leaves: sheaths variably cross-veined; ligule 3–15 mm long, obtuse to acute, soon shredding; blade 5–50 cm long, 2–10 mm wide, variably cross-veined, adaxially smooth. Inflorescences panicles, slender, interrupted, c. 10–50 cm long. Spikelets narrowly oblong, 14–35 mm long, with 8–16 bisexual florets; rachilla glabrous. Glumes obtuse: lower glume ±elliptic, 2–3.5 mm long, 1-nerved; upper glume ±ovate, 3–4 (–5) mm long, 1–3-nerved. Lemma ovate, 5.5–7 mm long, acute to narrowly obtuse, entire, dorsally rounded, smooth and glabrous. Palea equal to or shortly exceeding lemma, sharply bifid, glabrous. Anthers 1.5–2 mm long. Caryopsis dorsiventrally compressed, longitudinally grooved.
Differing from no. 2 [Glyceria septentrionalis Hitchc.] essentially only in dimensions; lemmas 5.4–7 mm; rachilla-joints 1.9–2.5 mm; palea very rarely exceeding the lemma; anthers 2–3 mm; 2n=40. Nf., N.B., N.S., and e. Que., where possibly native; intr. at New York City; Europe.
An erect grass. It has rhizomes and keeps growing from year to year. It has stems that creep underwater. The flowering stems are upright.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.45
Mature height (meter) 0.5 - 0.75
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) 0.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Shallow water, either stagnant or slow flowing, or in wet soils whether acid or calcareous.
More
A temperate plant. It grows in northern temperate regions. Tasmanian Herbarium.
Growing in or near streams, swamps and drainagechannels.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 7-11
Soil texture 1-4
Soil acidity 1-9
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-7

Usage

The seeds are used in porridge and soups. They should be soaked until they are swollen then baked or boiled. The flour can be used for bread. The seeds are also chewed.
Uses food forage medicinal
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use Ceremonial Medicine (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 14 - 26
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Glyceria fluitans leaf picture by Schuller Ton (cc-by-sa)
Glyceria fluitans leaf picture by Alain Lagrave (cc-by-sa)
Glyceria fluitans leaf picture by Kristell RN (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Glyceria fluitans flower picture by Alain Lagrave (cc-by-sa)
Glyceria fluitans flower picture by Olive Prov (cc-by-sa)
Glyceria fluitans flower picture by Olive Prov (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Glyceria fluitans world distribution map, present in Albania, Australia, Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Ecuador, Spain, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Iceland, Italy, Morocco, Malaysia, Netherlands, Norway, New Zealand, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and United States of America

Conservation status

Glyceria fluitans threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:404100-1
WFO ID wfo-0000873191
COL ID 6KL4Q
BDTFX ID 30374
INPN ID 100387
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Desvauxia fluitans Festuca fluitans Glyceria integra Molinia plicata Melica fluitans Poa fluitans Festucaria heisteri Glyceria acuminata Glyceria denticulata Hydrochloa fluitans Poa barrelieri Panicularia brachyphylla Panicularia fluitans Molinia fluitans Glyceria fluitans subsp. poiformis Glyceria fluitans var. islandica Glyceria fluitans var. triticea Glyceria fluitans