Goodyera R.Br.

Rattlesnake plantain (en), Goodyère (fr)

Genus

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae

Characteristics

Herbs, terrestrial, or rarely epiphytic or lithophytic. Rhizome elongate, creeping, few to many noded, with fibrous roots at nodes. Stem erect or ascending, short or elongate, few to many leaved. Leaves widely spaced along stem, clustered, or rosulate, pale to dark green or blackish, adaxially sometimes with a white or pink midvein or white or pink reticulate venation, lanceolate to ovate-elliptic, usually oblique, slightly fleshy, base contracted into a sheathing petiole-like stalk. Inflorescence terminal, racemose, glabrous or pubescent; peduncle with a few sheathing bracts; rachis laxly or densely 1-to many flowered, secund or cylindric; floral bracts glabrous or pubescent. Flowers resupinate. Sepals free, subsimilar, outer surface glabrous or pubescent; dorsal sepal concave, connivent with petals and forming a hood over column; lateral sepals connivent with lip, widely spreading or reflexed. Petals membranous, glabrous; lip connate with column at base, cymbiform, composed of a concave-saccate hypochile and a sessile or rarely shortly clawed epichile; hypochile usually papillose inside or rarely glabrous, sometimes with a pair of low keels; epichile transversely elliptic to lanceolate. Column short, dilated toward apex, without appendages; anther erect; pollinia 2, each longitudinally 2-parted, granular-farinaceous, sectile, attached directly to a small, ovate viscidium or attenuate into stalks that attach to an oblong viscidium; rostellum erect, deltoid, remnant shallowly or deeply bifid; stigma lobes connate, positioned below rostellum. Capsule erect, ovoid to ellipsoid.
More
Herbs, terrestrial, rhizomatous, scapose, glabrous except for rather sticky, multicellular hairs on peduncles, bracts, sepals, and ovaries. Roots arising from nodes of rhizome, fibrous. Stems erect, with rosette of leaves, not succulent. Leaves evergreen, more than 1, in basal rosette, petiolate; blade commonly marked with white to pale green. Inflorescences terminal, 5–72-flowered spikes, erect; peduncles with sheathing bracts. Flowers resupinate, white, sometimes tinged green, ivory, or brown, sessile; sepals distinct, nearly equal; dorsal sepal and petals forming hood; lip free from column, fleshy, base concave to saccate, apex ligulate or pointed; anther 1, erect or inflexed; pollinia 2, sectile; rostellum notched or 2-pronged. Fruits capsules, erect, dehiscing along 3 ribs.
Upper sep and lateral pet adherent by their margins to form a concave galea extending forward over the lip; lateral sep free, scarcely spreading except at the tip; lip shorter than the galea, ± strongly saccate or pouch-like at base, prolonged distally into a horizontal or deflexed beak; column short, bearing the anther on its back below the usually bifid rostellar tip; pollinia 2; perennial, forming new rosettes by budding from creeping rhizomes; lvs all basal, often white-reticulate, in ours narrowed to a broadly petiolar base; scape bracteate, terminating in a raceme of white or greenish fls; our spp. all with glandular hairy scape and infl, the lateral pet thin, white, differing in texture from the dorsal sep to which they adhere. 25+, cosmop.
Evergreen, terrestrial orchids with thick, fleshy stems. Leaves large, stalked, thin-textured, spreading in a loose, ascending rosette. Inflorescence terminal on a stem, spicate, fleshy, glabrous. Flowers resupinate, relatively large, crowded, hairy, dull-coloured. Dorsal sepal cucullate, overlapping petals to form a galea. Petals thin, brittle, translucent. Lateral sepals free, erect beside the labellum. Labellum unlobed or obscurely lobed, deeply pouched; basal sac containing glandular hairs. Pollinia 2, attached by caudicle to viscidium (often abortive).
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Root system creeping-root fibrous-root rhizome
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Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

These orchids grow in loam and litter on sheltered slopes in moist, shady forests, especially rainforest.
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Hardiness (USDA) 4-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
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Images

Goodyera unspecified picture

Distribution

Goodyera world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Andorra, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belize, Switzerland, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czech Republic, Germany, Dominica, Denmark, Spain, Finland, Fiji, France, Micronesia (Federated States of), Georgia, Greece, Guatemala, Honduras, Haiti, Hungary, Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Moldova (Republic of), Madagascar, Myanmar, Montenegro, Mozambique, Mauritius, Malaysia, Nicaragua, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, Pakistan, Panama, Philippines, Poland, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Réunion, Romania, Russian Federation, Solomon Islands, Sweden, Seychelles, Turks and Caicos Islands, Thailand, Tonga, Taiwan, Province of China, Ukraine, United States of America, Viet Nam, Vanuatu, and Samoa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:325758-2
WFO ID wfo-4000016055
COL ID 8VXXY
BDTFX ID 86496
INPN ID 192910
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Peramium Geobina Goodyera Eucosia

Lower taxons

Goodyera sechellarum Goodyera condensata Goodyera sumbawana Goodyera polyphylla Goodyera fimbrilabia Goodyera goudotii Goodyera myanmarica Goodyera purpusii Goodyera zacuapanensis Goodyera rhombodoides Goodyera afzelii Goodyera alveolata Goodyera amoena Goodyera angustifolia Goodyera beccarii Goodyera bifida Goodyera boninensis Goodyera brachystegia Goodyera bracteata Goodyera bradeorum Goodyera clausa Goodyera colorata Goodyera crocodiliceps Goodyera daibuzanensis Goodyera denticulata Goodyera dolabripetala Goodyera erosa Goodyera erythrodoides Goodyera gemmata Goodyera gibbsiae Goodyera humicola Goodyera inmeghema Goodyera lamprotaenia Goodyera major Goodyera micrantha Goodyera perrieri Goodyera porphyrophylla Goodyera reticulata Goodyera rostrata Goodyera rubicunda Goodyera ruttenii Goodyera schlechtendaliana Goodyera scripta Goodyera seikoomontana Goodyera serpens Goodyera stenopetala Goodyera taitensis Goodyera thailandica Goodyera viridiflora Goodyera vittata Goodyera wuana Goodyera yamiana Goodyera yunnanensis Goodyera rosulacea Goodyera viridiflora Goodyera modesta Goodyera nankoensis Goodyera novembrilis Goodyera turialbae Goodyera velutina Goodyera venusta Goodyera vitiensis Goodyera biflora Goodyera elmeri Goodyera hachijoensis Goodyera hispaniolae Goodyera ovatilabia Goodyera pendula Goodyera procera Goodyera ramosii Goodyera rostellata Goodyera similis Goodyera striata Goodyera tesselata Goodyera alveolatus Goodyera makuensis Goodyera umbrosa Goodyera malipoensis Goodyera foliosa Goodyera maurevertii Goodyera corniculata Goodyera fumata Goodyera fusca Goodyera hispida Goodyera macrophylla Goodyera marginata Goodyera pusilla Goodyera recurva Goodyera henryi Goodyera nantoensis Goodyera robusta Goodyera rosea Goodyera hemsleyana Goodyera lanceolata Goodyera luzonensis Goodyera kwangtungensis Goodyera flaccida Goodyera stelidifera Goodyera repens Goodyera pubescens Goodyera oblongifolia