Harungana madagascariensis Lam. ex Poir.

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Hypericaceae > Harungana

Characteristics

A small to medium sized bushy tree. It grows 4-7 m tall but can be 10-15 m tall. The bark is brown and scaly. It has bright orange paint-like sap. The leaves are opposite and simple. The are oval and 6-20 cm long by 3-10 cm wide. They are glossy dark green above and with rusty red hairs underneath. The young leaves at the tip of the branches keep tightly pressed together. The leaf stalk is 3 cm long. The flowers are cream and 5 mm across. They have a sweet almond scent. They occur in many flowered flat heads. These are 8-20 cm across. The stalks are covered with rusty red hairs. The fruit is berry-like. It is 2-4 mm across. They are greenish-orange becoming deep red. They occur in dense heads up to 25-30 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 8.0 - 9.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows at medium to low altitudes in evergreen forest and along stream banks. It cannot tolerate shade. In tropical Queensland it grows from sea level to 600 m altitude. In Tanzania it grows between sea level and 1,800 m above sea level. It grows in areas with a rainfall between 1,100-1,800 mm. It is often near termite mounds.
More
Lowland and upland rain forest from sea level to elevations of 1,800 metres. Rain-forest (and remnants) in clearings; fringing forest in savannah formations; locally abundant in recent secondary forest regrowth.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The fruit are eaten. It is also used in sauce. They are also used to make an alcoholic drink. Caution: Alcohol is a cause of cancer.
Uses charcoal dye environmental use food fuel gene source gum invertebrate food material medicinal poison social use timber wood
Edible barks fruits saps seeds
Therapeutic use Leprosy (unspecified), Skin (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds. With some difficulty it can be grown from cuttings. These need to be well watered.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 20 - 28
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Harungana madagascariensis leaf picture by Gnagbo Anthelme (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Harungana madagascariensis flower picture by Gnagbo Anthelme (cc-by-sa)
Harungana madagascariensis flower picture by Gnagbo Anthelme (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Harungana madagascariensis world distribution map, present in Angola, Australia, Burundi, Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique, Mauritius, Malawi, Nigeria, Réunion, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Sao Tome and Principe, Chad, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Harungana madagascariensis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:153822-3
WFO ID wfo-0000716096
COL ID 3JVCL
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 706356
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Psorospermum leonense Haronga paniculata Harungana madagascariensis Harungana pubescens Harungana robynsii Arungana paniculata Haemocarpus paniculatus Haronga ovata Haronga paniculata f. oblongifolia Haronga madagascariensis Harongana paniculata Harungana paniculata Haronga paniculata var. oblongifolia Haronga pubescens