Helicia excelsa Blume

Species

Angiosperms > Proteales > Proteaceae > Helicia

Characteristics

Tree 15-28 m by 30-50 cm; tips of the slender branchlets rusty-tomentose, very soon glabrescent, finally glabrous. Leaves ± narrow-oblong or oblanceolate or obovate-oblong, it abruptly acuminate at the apex, subacute or obtuse, cuneate into the petiole and somewhat decurrent, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, rarely coriaceous, yellow-greenish when dry, rusty-tomentose on both faces and on the petiole when very young, but soon glabrescent, entirely glabrous at maturity and mostly shining above, less so beneath, entire or mostly with some ± coarse ± obtuse teeth on both sides in the upper part, (8-) 10-15(-24) by (3-)3½-5(-8) cm; midrib slightly raised above, distinctly so beneath, nerves (6-)7-8(-10) pairs, rather straight in their lower part, curved upwards, ± joined along the edge, somewhat prominent on both faces, reticulations dense, slightly but well visibly raised on both faces; petiole 0.6-1(-1.5) cm. Racemes from the upper axils, sometimes sub-terminal, solitary or 2-3 together, rather slender, dense-flowered nearly to their base, mostly ± densely rusty-tomentose all over, rarely +-glabrescent, never entirely glabrous, (5-)7-12(-15) cm; rhachis 1-1.5 mm diam. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, rather thin, 2-3 mm, often equalling the pedicels. Bracteoles minute, usually rather long persistent as are the bracts. Pedicels rather slender, 2-3(-4) mm in anthesis, mostly in twos, free or halfway connate. Perianth yellowish-green, fragrant, slender, rusty-tomentose or at least ± densely pilose, rarely with only some scattered rufescent hairs, (6-)7-8 mm, tube 0.5 mm diam., limb 1 mm diam. Anthers c. 1.5 mm. Disk glands free, nearly rounded. Ovary ferrugineous-villous; style slender, glabrous. Fruit ellipsoid or obliquely ovoid, obtuse, smooth, glabrous, bluish-nigrescent, 1-1.2 (-1.5) by 4/5-1.2 cm; pericarp 4/5-1 mm; pedicel 7-8 mm.
More
A shrub or small tree. It grows 6-20 m tall. The trunk can be 25 cm across. The bark is dark grey. The leaves are alternate and simple. The flowering stalks bear up to 3 reddish brown flowers. The fruit are bluish black. It is 3 cm long.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 15.0 - 21.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A sub-canopy tree in undisturbed mixed dipterocarp, swamp, sub-montane and montane forests, growing on ridges, but also common on alluvial sites and along rivers and streams; at elevations up to 2,200 metres.
More
In rain-forest, on tops of low hills, jungle ridges, often along streams, scattered, from low altitudes up to 1000 m, rarely up to 1500 m. Fl Jan.-May, fr. Apr.-June.
A tropical plant. It grows in dense forests on plains up to 1500 m altitude.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses. Wood said to be hard with a light brown colour and remarkably broad rays, which are connected by close transverse bars; useful for house-construction and mines.
More
The fruit are eaten.
Uses material medicinal wood
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown by seeds.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Helicia excelsa world distribution map, present in Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, India, Iceland, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Singapore, Somalia, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Helicia excelsa threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:704406-1
WFO ID wfo-0000717913
COL ID 3K7GR
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Alseodaphne crassipes Helicia excelsa Helicia oblanceolata Roupala excelsa Helicia salicefolia