Helleborus L.

Hellebore (en), Hellébore (fr)

Genus

Angiosperms > Ranunculales > Ranunculaceae

Characteristics

Herbs [subshrubs], perennial, from tough, short rhizomes [rhizomes absent]. Leaves basal and cauline, basal leaf much larger [all leaves cauline], petiolate; cauline leaves alternate. Leaf blade pedately or palmately compound or deeply parted [undivided], lobes narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate or lanceolate, margins sharply toothed [entire]. Inflorescences terminal, 3-4-flowered cymes, to 25 cm or flowers solitary or paired; bracts ±leaflike, divided, not forming involucre. Flowers bisexual, radially symmetric; sepals persistent in fruit [not persistent], 5, yellowish green [white, pink, or purple], plane, ovate to elliptic, 19-30(-50) mm; petals 5-15, distinct, green or brown, funnel-shaped, ± 2-lipped, clawed, 4-8 mm; nectary in center of "funnel"; stamens 30-60; filaments filiform; staminodes absent between stamens and pistils; pistils [2-]3-6[-10], simple, proximally connate [distinct or completely connate]; ovules several per pistil; style present. Fruits follicles [capsules], aggregate, sessile, oblong, sides with prominent transverse veins; beak terminal, straight, 5-15 mm. Seeds usually ± carinate. x = 8.
More
Herbs perennial, rhizomatous. Leaves large, pedately sect or parted. Inflorescence terminal, cymose, 1-to several flowered. Sepals 5, petaloid, white, pink-red, or green, usually persistent. Petals small, tubular or cup-shaped, shortly stalked, apex ± bilabiate. Stamens numerous; filaments narrowly linear, 1-veined; anthers ellipsoid. Follicles 2--10, leathery, styles persistent. Seeds several per follicle, ellipsoid-globose.
Sep 5, large, petaloid; pet none; stamens numerous, the outer 8–10 modified into staminodes, short, upcurved, basally clawed, distally clavate or obovoid, hollow and somewhat 2-lipped; pistils mostly 3 or 4, with erect, slender style; fr follicular; poisonous perennial herbs with alternate, palmately cleft (or the upper entire) lvs and large white, green, or purple fls terminating the stem and branches. 20, Eurasia.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 4-8
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 4-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -