Hilleria latifolia (Lam.) H.Walter

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Petiveriaceae > Hilleria

Characteristics

Shrubby herb 0.4–2 m. tall, with some weak bristly pubescence along the angles of the youngest branches only.. Leaf-blades ovate-elliptic to elliptic-oblong or elliptic-obovate, up to 8–16(–20) cm. long and 3.5–7.5(–9) cm. wide, markedly acuminate, broadly cuneate to the slightly decurrent unequal-sided base, glabrous except for small hairs on the nerves particularly beneath; crystals visible as short raised lines beneath; primary lateral nerves 6–10 on either side; petiole (1–)2–5(–7) cm. long, adaxially pubescent.. Racemes ± 4–10(–25 in fruit) cm. long, subdensely many-flowered, setulose-pubescent along the ridges of the rhachis; bracts long-caudate from an ovate basal part, 1–2 mm. long, caducous; pedicels slender, 1.2–2(–4 in fruit) mm. long, with minute bracteoles on the upper part.. Sepals green or white, often turning yellow or red in fruit, ± 1.5–2 mm. long in flower, accrescent to twice this size in fruit.. Stamens 4, a little shorter than the sepals.. Style very short or lacking, with an obliquely capitate stigma.. Fruit 2–3 mm. across, laxly venose when dry, turning yellow to dark red or purple.. Fig. 2.
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Leaves: lamina 4.5–15 × 2.0–6.5 cm., ovate-elliptic to elliptic, pubescent to glabrescent along veins below and sometimes along midrib above; petioles 5–55 mm. long, pubescent on superior surface.
A shrubby annual herb. It grows 2 m tall. The stems are erect. They are slender and branched. The leaves are alternate and simple. The leaf blade is 8-16 cm long by 4-8 cm wide.
Racemes to 15 cm. long in fruit; rhachis pubescent to glabrescent; pedicels c. 2 mm. long in flower, to 4 mm. in fruit, glabrous.
Sepals 1.5–2 × 1–1.25 mm. in flower, broadly elliptic to obovate, apex rounded, glabrous, green or white.
Fruit 2.0–2.5 mm. in diam., ridged around margin; pericarp very thin, adhering to seed.
Bracts c. 1.5 mm. long, caducous, glabrous to setulose (particularly along margins).
Herbs or sub-shrubs up to c. 1.5 m. tall, stems pubescent on younger parts.
Ovary 1–1.5 mm. tall; style very short; stigma capitate.
Fruits yellow or orange, then deep purplish-black.
Stamens 4, approximately same length as sepals.
Corolla white in a yellow or pinkish raceme
Seed same shape as fruit; testa hard.
Perennial herb, often woody below
Bracteoles minute.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
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Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.5
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Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

Rainforest, riverine and groundwater forest; also along forest margins and roads; and as a weed in plantations; at elevations from 500-1,600 metres in Africa. Often found in very shady places.
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A tropical plant. It grows in forests near rivers. It grows between 500-1,600 m altitude. In Argentina it grows below 1,000 m above sea level.
Naturalized in cultivated ground and along forest paths near villages in the forest regions.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

It is considered toxic but also used as a vegetable. It can cause severe diarrhoea. The dried fruit are used as a relish. The leaves are cooked and eaten as a leafy vegetable.
Uses animal food environmental use food material medicinal poison social use
Edible fruits leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Headache (unspecified), Breast (unspecified), Cancer (unspecified), Dropsy (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Filaricide (unspecified), Guineaworms (unspecified), Jaundice (unspecified), Leprosy (unspecified), Urethritis (unspecified), Ascites (unspecified), Cancer(Breast) (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Stiffness (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
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Images

Hilleria latifolia unspecified picture

Distribution

Hilleria latifolia world distribution map, present in Angola, Argentina, Benin, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Congo, Colombia, Algeria, Ecuador, Gabon, Ghana, Equatorial Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Mozambique, Nigeria, Peru, Paraguay, South Sudan, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:122647-2
WFO ID wfo-0000723338
COL ID 6M94W
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Rivina latifolia Mohlana latifolia Rivina affinis Rivina apetala Hilleria elastica Hilleria latifolia Rivina inaequalis Mohlana nemoralis