Homalium africanum (Hook.F.) Benth.

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Salicaceae > Homalium

Characteristics

Shrub or generally a tree up to 25 m. high; trunk up to 40 cm. in diameter; bark greyish-whitish or brownish, rather smooth, hard.. Branchlets pubescent or glabrous.. Leaf-blade variable in size, shape, texture and degree of pubescence, generally oblong or elliptic-oblong, (8–)10–18(–26) cm. long, 4–7(–12) cm. wide, apex ± abruptly acuminate, rarely blunt, base cuneate to rounded, or rarely cordate, ± coriaceous, glabrous or shortly hairy, often hairy in the nerve-axils beneath, usually ± coarsely serrate-crenate, rarely ± entire, with (7–)8–10(–12) pairs of lateral veins, these curved and ± prominent beneath, reticulation obvious but often but slightly prominent; petiole ± robust, 6–12(–15) mm. long; stipules persistent (especially in sterile shoots) or caducous, linear or foliaceous (falcate to auriculate), up to 2.5 cm. long.. Panicles ± interruptedly dense-flowered, up to 30 cm. long and 25 cm. wide, generally grey puberulous all over.. Flowers greenish white, 2–5-fascicled along the rhachis, 5–6(–7)-merous.. Pedicels 0.5–2(–2.5) mm.. Calyx-tube obconical, attenuate to a short rather slender stipe.. Sepals lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm. long.. Petals oblanceolate-spathulate, sometimes a little fleshy or swollen, densely shortly hairy on both faces, in fruit accrescent to 4 mm.. Filaments glabrous or laxly hairy below, 2(–3) mm. long.. Glands cushion-like, almost reniform, grey puberulous.. Ovary conical, densely hairy; styles (3–)4–5, connate to a column for 1–2 mm. below.. Capsule not longer than the ripe ovary.. Seeds usually single.
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Leaf-lamina 12–26 x 5–12 cm., coriaceous, elliptic-oblong, bluntly acuminate or rounded at the apex, broadly cuneate or rounded at the base, margin repand or crenate; nerves in 9–13 pairs, prominent below; venation laxly reticulate, slightly prominent on both sides; petiole up to 1.2 cm. long; stipules c. 1 cm. long, foliaceous, subreniform to linear, caducous.
Ovary a depressed cone deeply sunk in the receptacle, fairly long-pilose inside, shortly pilose outside; ovules 6–9; style 0.75 mm. long, columnar, pilose, stigmatic arms spreading, 0.4 mm. long.
Flowers in dense clusters along the branches of a terminal panicle c. 25 x 15 cm.; inflorescence branches sparsely and shortly pilose; pedicels very short, puberulous, articulate near the apex.
Fruit (seen only in West African specimens) with the petals somewhat accrescent, the whole with a diameter of c. 7 mm.; capsule not much larger than the unripe ovary.
Petals 5, c. 2 x 1.3 mm., broadly spathulate or oblong-obovate, rounded or apiculate at the apex, densely pubescent on both sides.
Stamens 5; filaments 1 mm. long, glabrous, arching inwards; anthers 0.4 mm. in diam., sub-globose.
Seed usually single, c. 1.7 mm. in diam., with a thin brown testa, biconical.
Sepals 5, c. 1.2 mm. long, narrowly triangular, acute, densely puberulous.
Shrub or small tree, the vegetative parts quite glabrous.
Disk glands 0.5 mm. in diam., discoid, tomentellous.
Forest tree in swamps and creeks, to 70 ft. high
A tree. It grows 10 m tall.
Flowers yellowish-green.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 19.81
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
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Flower color
Blooming months -
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Rain-forest, also swampy or periodically flooded forest; gallery forest; creeks; secondary forest; rare in dry or transitional forest; at elevations from 600-1,360 metres, sometimes descending to sea level.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows in forests near rivers. It grows in areas exposed to sunlight.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses material medicinal seasoning wood
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
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Germination luminosity -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Distribution

Homalium africanum world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Equatorial Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Sao Tome and Principe, and Zambia

Conservation status

Homalium africanum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:779754-1
WFO ID wfo-0000926192
COL ID 3MCGD
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Homalium gentilii Homalium tibatiense Homalium crassipetalum Pythagorea africana Blackwellia africana Homalium africanum Homalium buchholzii Homalium ealaense Homalium gilletii Homalium lundense Homalium molle Homalium platypleurum Homalium riparium Homalium sarcopetalum