Hyparrhenia anamesa Clayton

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Hyparrhenia

Characteristics

Densely tufted perennial, 0.6-1.2 m high; rhizomatous; fresh shoots not aromatic. Leaf blade up to 400 x 4 mm; ligule an unfringed membrane. Inflorescence of paired racemes, 15-25 mm long, enclosed by a spatheole, crowded into large, leafy, false panicle; raceme pairs with 4-7 awns, raceme bases terete, unequal; spikelets in pairs, one sessile, the other pedicelled; 2 homogamous pairs at base of upper raceme. Sessile spikelets 5.0-6.5 mm long, dorsiventrally compressed, white-villous. Florets 2; lower floret sterile, reduced to a lemma, awnless; upper floret bisexual, lemma less firm than glumes towards base, hyaline, 2-lobed, awned; awn 25-40 mm long, stout, column twisted, with hairs up to 0.6 mm long; callus 1.0-1.8 mm long, tip visible on apex of internode. Pedicellate spikelets awnless or with an awn-point up to 2 mm long. Flowering time Oct.-May.
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Densely caespitose perennial, the basal sheaths glabrous or sometimes loosely hirsute; culms 60–120 cm. high.. Leaf-blades up to 40 cm. long and 4 mm. wide, but often much shorter, harsh, glaucous.. False panicle 15–45 cm. long, loose; spatheoles linear, 4–6 cm. long, the peduncles usually longer; racemes 1.5–2.5 cm. long, 4–6(–7)-awned per pair, white villous, not deflexed; raceme-bases very unequal, the upper 3.5–6 mm. long, glabrous or sometimes softly hirsute.. Homogamous pairs 1 or 2 at the base of the lower raceme, and 2 at the base of the upper.. Sessile spikelet 5–6.5 mm. long, white villous; callus 1–1.8 mm. long, acute; awn 2.5–4 cm. long, pubescent with hairs 0.1–0.6 mm. long.. Pedicelled spikelet white villous, muticous or occasionally with an awn-point 1–2 mm. long.. Fig. 184.
Perennial; up to 1.2 m high; rhizomatous and densely tufted. Leaf blades up to 400 x 4 mm (but often shorter). Flowers: in a complex; false panicle; racemes 15-25 mm long; with 2 homogamous pairs at base of upper raceme; raceme pairs with 4-7 awns; awns 25-40 mm long; with hairs up to 0.6 mm long; raceme bases terete; unequal; sessile spikelets 5.0-6.5 mm long; white-villous; callus 1.0-1.8 mm long; pedicellate spikelets not awned or with an awn-point up to 2 mm long.
Densely tufted perennial 600-1200 mm high; rhizomatous. Leaf blade to 400 (but often shorter) x 4 mm. Raceme 15-25 mm long; raceme bases terete, unequal; with 2 homogamous pairs at base of upper raceme, raceme pairs with 4-7 awns. Sessile spikelet 5.0-6.5 mm long, white-villous; awn 25-40 mm long, hairs to 0.6 mm long; callus 1.0-1.8 mm long. Pedicellate spikelet 4-6 mm long, white-villous, awnless or awn up to 2 mm long; anther 1.3-2.0 mm long.
Perennial, rhizomatous and tufted (densely), up to 1.2 m high. Leaf blades up to 400 mm long (but often shorter); 4 mm wide. Spikelets (sessile) 5.0-6.5 mm long (white-villous, callus 1.0-1.8 mm long). Racemes 15-25 mm long, with 2 homogamous pairs at base of upper raceme, raceme pairs with 4-7 awns 25-40 mm long having hairs to 0.6 mm long; raceme bases terete, unequal; pedicellate spikelets awnless or with an awn-point to 2 mm long.
False panicle 15–45 cm long, lax; spatheoles 4–6 cm long, linear; peduncles slender and flexuous, usually longer than the spatheoles, with or without spreading white hairs above; racemes 1.5–2.5 cm long, 4–6(7)-awned per pair, white-villous, terminally exserted, not deflexed; raceme-bases very unequal, the superior 3.5–6 mm long, filiform, glabrous or sometimes softly hirsute.
Homogamous spikelets 5–6 mm long, linear-lanceolate, glabrous or sometimes softly hirsute, 1 or 2 pairs at the base of the inferior raceme, 2 pairs (rarely only 1) at the base of the superior raceme.
Pedicelled spikelets 4–6 mm long, linear-lanceolate, white-villous, muticous or occasionally with an awn-point 1–2 mm long; callus absent; pedicel-tooth c. 0.6 mm long, triangular.
Sessile spikelet 5–6.5 mm long; callus 1–1.8 mm long, acute; inferior glume linear-oblong, white-villous; awn 2.5–4 cm long, the column pubescent with hairs 0.1–0.6 mm long.
Leaf sheaths glabrous or sometimes thinly hirsute; leaf laminas up to 40 cm × 4 mm, but often much shorter, harsh, glaucous.
Like H. hirta but leaves broader, ± 4 mm wide, racemes 15-25 mm long and raceme pairs with 4-7 awns.
Densely caespitose perennial; culms up to 120 cm high.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.9 - 1.2
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 1-4
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses material
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Hyparrhenia anamesa world distribution map, present in Angola, Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Mozambique, Sudan, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:405474-1
WFO ID wfo-0000875193
COL ID 3NMN2
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Hyparrhenia anamesa