Iodes cirrhosa Turcz.

Species

Angiosperms > Icacinales > Icacinaceae > Iodes

Characteristics

Woody climber, 5-10(-18) m tall, stem up to 8 cm ø. Branchlets slender, rusty-tomentellous. Leaves ovate to ovate-elliptic, rarely oblong-or obovate-elliptic, apex shortly acuminate and acute by the slightly protruding midrib, base rounded or subcordate, firmly chartaceous, upper surface glabrous except midrib and nerves which bear rather dense soft yellowish erect or obliquely spreading hairs as are found all over the undersurface on midrib, nerves, veins and veinlets (the proper intervenium hairless), forming a ve-lutinous tomentum, 5-15(-18) by 3.5-8(-11.5) cm, nerves 4-6 curved and rather steeply ascending pairs, prominent beneath as are midrib and the transverse veins, reticulation of veinlets dense, a little raised beneath only; petiole 1-2(-3.5) cm, tomentellous. Inflorescence all over covered with a short soft rusty.tomentum, the ♂ in much branched and many-flowered, rather lax cymes, 5-15 cm incl the peduncle (1.5-5 cm), the ♀ ones shorter and mostly rather few-flowered, 2-12 cm incl. the peduncle (1-4 cm). ♂ Flowers not rarely transformed into globular hirsute galls (2-3 mm ø). Pedicels slender, 1-2 mm, not swollen distally towards the end of anthesis. Calyx 5-lobed to almost the base, densely set with sub-strigose hairs outside, lobes narrow-lanceolate, ½-¾ mm. Petals oblong-lanceolate, tip filiform and inflexed, thin, white or yellowish, fragrant, laxly substrigose-pubescent outside, 2-3 by 0.8 mm. Stamens 5; anthers practically sessile, ovate-elliptic, margin entire, 0.6-0.8 mm. Rudiment of ovary cylindric, hairy, 0.5 mm. ♀ Flowers: Pedicels thickish, c. 1 mm, accrescent in fruit to c. 3 mm, hardly dilated distally. Calyx as in ♂ flowers, lobes c. 1 mm. Petals 0. Staminodes 0. Ovary cylindric, densely substrigose-hairy, 1 mm; stigma a dark bilobed or subreniform pad, hairy, glabrescent in later stages. Drupe obliquely ovoid, laterally compressed and crested, shortly ± appressedly rusty-or rufous-tomentose, 1.2-1.5(-2) by 1-1.2(-1.5) by 0.7-1 cm; exocarp thin, reddish; endocarp hard, coarsely lacunose-reticulate outside, smooth inside.
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Branchlets terete, densely rust-colored soft pubescent; old branches angular, occasionally very sparsely lenticellate, with axillary or extra-axillary tendrils, sometimes opposite leaves. Petiole 1-2 cm, densely rust-colored pubescent; leaf blade ovate or broadly ovate, 5-15 × 2-10 cm, abaxially densely yellow spreading pubescent, adaxially rust-colored pubescent only on midvein and lateral veins, lateral veins 3-5 pairs, tertiary veins subparallel, veins prominent abaxially, conspicuous adaxially, base subrounded to shallowly cordate, oblique, apex acute or shortly acuminate. Inflorescences shortly pedunculate, densely yellow-brown tomentose; staminate corymbs dense, sometimes combined into large panicles; pistillate few flowered. Staminate flowers small, subglobose in bud; calyx very short, ca. 0.5 mm, deeply 5-lobed, lobes triangular, outside densely rust-colored pubescent; corolla yellow, 5-lobed, united near base, lobes oblong, 2.5-3.5 mm, outside densely rust-colored pubescent, apex with caudae ca. 1 mm, densely white ciliate, incurved; stamens 5, light yellow, 1-1.5 mm; filaments very short; anthers oblong-obovoid; ovary setiform-villous. Pistillate flowers: calyx larger; ovary with a pedicel, ovoid, laterally compressed, densely villous; style short; stigma apex slightly concave. Drupe red when mature, ovoid-globose, 2-2.6 × 1.2-2 cm, pulp thick, laterally compressed, pubescent, polygonous reticulate-lacunose when dry. Fl. Jan-Apr, fr. May-Oct.
Life form -
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
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Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 5.0 - 10.0
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JanFebMar
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OctNovDec
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OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

Light primary and often secondary forest, forest borders, shrubberies, scattered, also in open vegetation on limestone rocks, sometimes rather dry places, in Java in regions with at least 20 or more rainy days in the 4 consecutive driest months, 10-100 m. Fl.fr. Jan.-Dec.
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Sparse woods in valleys; at elevations from 400-1,000 metres, occasionally to 1,300 metres. Light primary and secondary forest, forest borders, shrubberies, also in open vegetation on limestone rocks, sometimes rather dry places
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal rope
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
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Distribution

Iodes cirrhosa world distribution map, present in China, Indonesia, India, Iceland, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:607936-1
WFO ID wfo-0000731861
COL ID 3PTSK
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Natsiatum oppositifolium Iodes brandisii Iodes tomentella Iodes ovalis var. cochinchinensis Iodes ovalis var. miquelii Iodes floribunda Iodes cirrhosa