Iris brevicaulis Raf.

Zigzag iris (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Iridaceae > Iris

Characteristics

Rhizomes freely branching, producing extensive clumps, 1–2.5 cm diam. Stems declining or semi-erect, sharply zigzag, with short branch at each of 2–3 bends, leaf at every bend, flower bud at every bend, solid, 2.5–3 dm. Leaves: basal erect, spreading, or prostrate, blade deep green, ensiform, 3.5–7 dm × 1.5–3.5 cm, somewhat glaucous; cauline at each of 2–3 nodes, subtending and exceeding short branch and flower, blade 2–6 dm. Inflorescences with terminal unit 2-flowered, each short branch unit 1-flowered; spathes foliaceous, lanceolate, 3–5 cm, subequal, apex acute; outer green, exceeding inner; inner partly scarious. Flowers: perianth rich blue or blue-violet; floral tube funnelform, 1–2 cm; sepals ovate, 7.5–9 × 2.5–3 cm, base abruptly attenuate, claw light greenish yellow with darker veins, with prominent yellow midrib and large, yellow-white signal at union of limb and claw; petals erect or spreading-erect, lighter blue than sepals, oblanceolate, 5–6.5 × 1.5–2 cm; ovary prominently 6-angled, 1–1.3 cm; style greenish, 3.5–4 cm, crests reflexed, semiovoid to subquadrate, 1.2–1.5 cm, margins irregularly toothed or entire; stigmas 2-lobed, lobes rounded-deltoid; pedicel 1–1.3 cm. Capsules hexagonal to almost circular in cross section with 6 equally placed ribs, with short beak at apex, 3–5 × 2–2.5 cm. Seeds in 2 rows per locule, light brown, irregularly circular, flattened, 3–5 mm, very corky. 2n = 42, 44.
More
Lvs numerous, ensiform, to 7 dm; stem strongly zigzag, often decumbent, 2–4 dm, conspicuously shorter than the lvs; fls 8–10 cm wide, light violet to lavender; sep with a white-variegated area at the base of the ovate blade around the yellow papillose crest, the claw as long as the blade, greenish-white with green veins; pet oblanceolate to spatulate; fr ovoid to ellipsoid-ovoid, indehiscent; 2n=42. Swamps, low woods, and shores; O. and e. Kans. to La. and Ky. May, June.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.25 - 0.3
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-5
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-7

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 30 - 545
Germination temperacture (C°) 15 - 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -35
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Iris brevicaulis leaf picture by Gayle Judkins (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Iris brevicaulis flower picture by Gayle Judkins (cc-by-sa)
Iris brevicaulis flower picture by Gayle Judkins (cc-by-sa)
Iris brevicaulis flower picture by Gayle Judkins (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Iris brevicaulis world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Canada, and United States of America

Conservation status

Iris brevicaulis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:438435-1
WFO ID wfo-0000783160
COL ID 6MXY7
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Iris acleantha Iris alabamensis Iris brevicaulis Iris fourchiana Iris atrocyanea Iris callilopha Iris chrysaeola Iris foliosa Iris mississippiensis Limniris brevicaulis Iris brevicaulis f. boonensis Iris lamancei Phaeiris brevicaulis Iris foliosa var. boonensis Iris hexagona var. lamancei