Iris japonica Thunb.

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Iridaceae > Iris

Characteristics

Rhizomes dimorphic: suberect, thick; creeping, long, slender. Leaves basal, dark or yellowish green, glossy on 1 surface, dull on other, reddish purple at base, sword-shaped, 25--60 × 1.5--3 cm, midvein absent. Flowering stems erect, with 5--12 short, slender branches near apex; spathes 3--5, broadly lanceolate, 0.8--1.5 cm, 2--4-flowered, apex obtuse. Flowers pale bluish, 4.5--5.5 cm in diam.; pedicel 1.5--2.5 cm, stiff, persistent. Perianth tube 1.1--1.5 cm; outer segments obovate or elliptic, 2.5--3 × 1.4--2 cm, limb spreading, with blue blotching around central, yellow patch around prominent, yellow crest, margin denticulate, undulate, apex retuse; inner segments spreading obliquely, elliptic or narrowly obovate, 2.8--3 × 1.5--2.1 cm, margin denticulate, undulate. Stamens 0.8--1.2 cm; anthers white. Ovary 7--10 mm. Style branches pale blue; terminal lobes fimbriate. Capsule ellipsoid-cylindric, 2.5--3 × 1.2--1.5 cm, apex not beaked. Seeds dark brown, with small aril. Fl. Mar--Apr, fr. May--Jun. 2 n = 24*, 28, 34, 36, 54, 56*.
More
A fleshy stemmed iris. It grows 60-80 cm high and spreads 45-60 cm wide. The leaves are at the base and are shiny on one end and dull on the other. The leaves are sword shaped and 25-60 cm long by 2-3 cm wide. Both blue and white flowered types occur. Flowers have orange and purple markings.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.28 - 0.55
Mature height (meter) 0.6
Root system creeping-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.4
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a warm temperate plant. It grows in shady places. It suits hardiness zones 8-10.
More
Woodland hills, grassy and rocky slopes and among rocks by streams.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture 2-4
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-10

Usage

Starch is extracted from the roots.
Uses medicinal
Edible roots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 545
Germination temperacture (C°) 15 - 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -18
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Iris japonica leaf picture by Dan Ervin (cc-by-sa)
Iris japonica leaf picture by Morbiato Roberto (cc-by-sa)
Iris japonica leaf picture by Morbiato Roberto (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Iris japonica flower picture by Raffaele Puglisi (cc-by-sa)
Iris japonica flower picture by Mike Erratio (cc-by-sa)
Iris japonica flower picture by Malagoli Laura (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Iris japonica world distribution map, present in Brazil, China, Italy, Japan, Myanmar, Réunion, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:438741-1
WFO ID wfo-0000783488
COL ID 3PZSS
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 710402
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Iris fimbriata Iris squalens Xiphion fimbriatum Evansia chinensis Evansia fimbriata Evansia japonica Iris chinensis Iris japonica f. pallescens Moraea fimbriata Iris japonica f. japonica Iris japonica