Iris sibirica L.

German iris (en), Iris bleu des marais (fr), Iris de Sibérie (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Iridaceae > Iris

Characteristics

Rhizomes compact, freely branching, forming dense clumps, 0.9–1.2 cm diam., covered with remnants of old leaves. Stems simple or 1–3-branched, hollow, 6–12 dm. Leaves dying back in winter, blade dark green, often tinged pink at base, 4–8 dm × 0.4–0.6 cm. Inflorescence units 3–5-flowered, lateral units 2–3-flowered; spathes brown, to 4 cm, narrow, papery, apex acute. Flowers: perianth light to dark blue-violet to white; floral tube with indistinct ribs, circular, ca. 1 cm; sepals flaring or curving downward apically, widely orbiculate, 5–7 × 2–2.5 cm, base abruptly attenuate into claw with two narrow flanges basally, signal white, semicircular, with dark violet veins basally; petals erect, narrowly elliptic-obovate, 4.5–5.5 × 1.5–1.8 cm; ovary roundly triangular, spindle-shaped, 1.5–2 cm; style pale blue, bluntly keeled, 4–5 cm, crests overlapping, triangular, margins crenate; stigmas tonguelike projections, triangular; pedicel 1–15 cm, unequal, later flowers in each spathe with longer pedicel. Capsules roundly triangular with low ridges at angles, 3–4.5 × 1–1.3 cm, smooth, apex with extremely short tip, opening only in upper 1/4–1/3 of capsule. Seeds in 2 rows per locule, dark brown, D-shaped, flattened, 5 × 3 mm, slightly roughened by small, rounded protuberances. 2n = 28.
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A perennial plant. It grows 75-120 cm high and 45-60 cm wide. It has slow creeping rhizomes. The leaves are narrow and sword like. The flowers are small and blue to white with darker veins. The leaves are grassy.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 1.0
Mature height (meter) 0.6 - 0.8
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It is frost hardy. It grows in swamps and damp meadows. It can tolerate drier conditions. It can grow in full sun or light shade. The soil should be moist but not waterlogged. The soil should be rich in humus. it suits hardiness zones 4-9.
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Damp woodland, pastures and heaths.
Light 5-8
Soil humidity 2-8
Soil texture 1-5
Soil acidity 4-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible roots
Therapeutic use Tumor (unspecified), Expectorant (unspecified)
Human toxicity toxic (leaf)
Animal toxicity toxic (leaf)

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed or by dividing clumps.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 545
Germination temperacture (C°) 16 - 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -18
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Iris sibirica habit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Iris sibirica habit picture by Joseph Dupont (cc-by-sa)
Iris sibirica habit picture by Uwe Winkler (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Iris sibirica leaf picture by Jani Zadrgal (cc-by-sa)
Iris sibirica leaf picture by Udo Herkommer (cc-by-sa)
Iris sibirica leaf picture by Alexander Baransky (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Iris sibirica flower picture by Mia Hopfer (cc-by-sa)
Iris sibirica flower picture by Ivencnik Matej (cc-by-sa)
Iris sibirica flower picture by Jani Zadrgal (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Iris sibirica fruit picture by Udo Herkommer (cc-by-sa)
Iris sibirica fruit picture by Jeanne (cc-by-sa)
Iris sibirica fruit picture by Alexander Baransky (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Iris sibirica world distribution map, present in Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, France, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Montenegro, Malaysia, Poland, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Romania, Russian Federation, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:439087-1
WFO ID wfo-0000783854
COL ID 3Q24K
BDTFX ID 35970
INPN ID 103777
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Iris flexuosa Iris maritima Iris pratensis Iris pseudosibirica Iris stricta Limnirion sibiricum Xiphion flexuosum Xyridion sibiricum Xiphion pratense Xiphion sibiricum Xyridion flexuosum Iris acuta Iris erirrhiza Iris mandraliscae Iris spathulata Iris sibirica f. albiflora Iris sibirica f. stellata Iris bicolor Limniris sibirica Iris angustifolia Biris sibirica Iris sibirica var. flexuosa Iris sibirica var. acuta Iris sibirica