Isachne globosa Kuntze

Swamp millet (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Isachne

Characteristics

Semi-aquatic, ± glabrous perennials, with decumbent stems branching near base and becoming erect at flowering; branching intravaginal. Leaf-sheath light green to brownish, submembranous, folded closely around culm, glabrous but ciliate along one margin and along upper part of other. Ligule 0.4-1.8 mm, ciliate. Leaf-blade 3.5-9-(15) cm × 2.5-6.5 mm, flat, linear-lanceolate, gradually narrowed above, rather stiff, finely scabrid, tip acute. Culm (15)-30-60-(110) cm, slender, subterete, internodes glabrous. Panicle 5-15 cm, contracted at first, pedunculate and spreading when fully exserted from upper sheath, pyramidal; rachis and branches very slender, smooth or occasionally minutely, sparsely scabrid, often flexuous, with long-pedicelled spikelets borne singly towards tips of filiform branchlets. Spikelets 2-3 mm, oblong, to obovate to obovate-globose, greenish or slightly purplish especially towards very obtuse tip; disarticulation above glumes and between florets; rachilla 0.2-0.4 mm, remaining attached to base of upper floret. Glumes ± equalling spikelet, 7-9-nerved, chartaceous, smooth, or sparsely scabrid on outer nerves, especially near incurved tip. Lower floret ♂, ≈ spikelet: lemma 2-3 mm, texture similar to upper glume, ovate-elliptic, obtuse, glabrous; palea similar in size and texture to lemma; anthers 1-1.7 mm. Upper floret ♀: lemma 1.3-1.8 mm, oblong to suborbicular, obtuse, slightly indurated; palea = lemma, of similar texture; gynoecium: ovary 0.5-0.7 mm, stigma-styles 1.8-2 mm; caryopsis c. 1 × 0.8 mm. Fig. 23.
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Perennial. Culms slender to moderately robust, erect or decumbent and rooting at lower nodes, up to 80 cm tall, nodes glabrous, eglandular or with glandular ring. Leaf sheaths shorter than internodes, glabrous except for ciliate outer margin; leaf blades narrowly lanceolate, 3–10 × 0.4–0.8 cm, glabrous, scabrid, base rounded, apex acute; ligule 1–2 mm. Panicle open, ovate in outline, 4–11 cm, glandular, many-spiculate; branches and pedicels filiform, flexuose; pedicels variable in length, shorter or longer than spikelets. Spikelets elliptic-globose, 1.5–2(–2.2) mm, greenish or purplish brown; florets slightly to clearly dissimilar; lower floret male, upper floret female; glumes subequal, as long as or shorter than florets, broadly elliptic, 5–7(–9)-veined, usually glabrous, rarely hispidulous or scaberulous above middle, apex broadly rounded; lower lemma oblong, cartilaginous to subcrustaceous, shallowly convex, back sometimes sulcate, smooth, glabrous; anthers 0.8–1.3 mm; upper lemma crustaceous, shorter and more convex, slightly rough, back glabrous or puberulous, upper margins ciliate. Fl. and fr. summer to autumn. 2n = 60.
A grass which keeps growing from year to year. It grows 30-70 cm high. It forms loose clumps. The stems are trailing and form roots at the nodes. The leaves are 2-10 cm long by 0.3-0.8 cm wide. They are narrowly sword shaped. They are dark green and slightly roughened. The leaves are scattered along the stalk and at right angles to it. The flower heads are 6-12 cm long and 4-6 cm wide. They are open and with many branches. The spikelet is 0.2 cm long. It is purplish.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 0.8
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.2
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical to warm temperate plant. It grows in low lying wet soils. It forms mats around the edges of streams and swamps. It can tolerate light frosts. In Java it grows in the lowlands and up to 1,300 m above sea level. In Yunnan.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The tender tops are eaten with rice.
Uses animal food environmental use food medicinal
Edible shoots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed or by division of the clump.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 10 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Isachne globosa unspecified picture

Distribution

Isachne globosa world distribution map, present in Andorra, Bangladesh, China, Fiji, Indonesia, Japan, Moldova (Republic of), Myanmar, Nepal, New Zealand, Oman, Philippines, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Solomon Islands, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, United States of America, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Isachne globosa threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:405963-1
WFO ID wfo-0000875907
COL ID 6N9PD
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 671103
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Agrostis globosa Aira ischoemoides Aira violacea Helopus globosus Isachne australis Isachne globosa Isachne miliacea Panicum adstans Panicum atrovirens Panicum australe Panicum lepidotum Isachne muricata Milium globosum Panicum batavicum Panicum violaceum Eriochloa globosa Eriochloa japonica Isachne adstans Isachne altissima Isachne atrovirens Isachne geniculata Isachne heterantha Isachne javana Isachne lepidota Isachne lutaria Isachne nodibarbata Isachne ponapensis Isachne stigmatosa Isachne subglobosa Isachne virgata Panicum antipodum Panicum dispar Panicum nodibarbatum Panicum stigmatosum Isachne globosa var. obscura Isachne globosa var. effusa Isachne australis var. effusa Isachne dispar var. villosa Isachne globosa var. brevispicula Isachne globosa var. compacta Isachne globosa var. daviumbuensis Isachne miliacea var. javanica Isachne miliacea var. madurensis Isachne miliacea var. obscura Isachne miliacea var. ovalifolia Isachne miliacea var. stricta Isachne minutula var. javanica Isachne pangerangensis var. rhabdina Panicum antipodum var. atrovirens Isachne globosa var. globosa Isachne globosa var. ciliaris Isachne dispar