Ischaemum rugosum Salisb.

Ribbed murainagrass (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Ischaemum

Characteristics

Annual. Culms loosely tufted, erect to decumbent, 20–100 cm tall, often branching, nodes pubescent. Leaf sheaths loose, papery, lightly keeled, glabrous or pilose with scattered tubercle-based hairs, margins ciliate; leaf blades linear-lanceolate, 10–30 × 0.5–2 cm, glabrous or thinly pilose, margins scabrid, base variable, rounded and constricted, or attenuate and sometimes briefly pseudopetiolate, apex acuminate; ligule 2–5 mm. Racemes terminal and axillary, paired, appressed back to back or slightly separated, 3–11(–13) cm; rachis internodes inflated, thickly clavate, ciliate along midline, inner angles glabrous. Sessile spikelet oblong-ovate, 4–6 × ca. 2 mm; lower glume 2-keeled throughout, crustaceous, yellowish and transversely 4–7-ridged below, ridges sharp, mostly continuous, herbaceous above with many anastomosing green veins, keels scabrid, wingless or winged on one side, apex obliquely obtuse; awn of upper lemma 1.2–2 cm. Pedicelled spikelet dorsally compressed, variable in size, often much reduced especially toward raceme apex, awnless; pedicel elongate when spikelet rudimentary.
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Annual; culms erect or decumbent at the base, rather freely branching from nearly all the nodes, the nodes bearded; sheaths rather loose, keeled toward the summit, glabrous or sparsely papillose-pilose near the summit; ligule 2-3 mm. long; blades mostly 10-15 cm. long, 6-12 mm. wide, acuminate, narrowed toward the base, sometimes petiole-like, the margins very scabrous; racemes in pairs, ap-pressed together and appearing as if one when young, 3-10 cm. long, terminal on the main culm and branches, long-exserted from the upper bladeless sheath, the rachis thick, readily disarticulating, ciliate on the outer edges; spikelets 3-4 mm. long, obtuse, the summit membranaceous, otherwise indurate with 3-5 strong transverse ridges; awns 1.5 cm. long, tightly twisted below, loosely twisted above the bend.
Straggling annual; culms 10–100 cm. high.. Leaf-blades 5–30 cm. long, 3–15 mm. wide.. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, of paired racemes, each 3–12 cm. long; internodes and pedicels clavate, ciliate.. Sessile spikelet oblong-ovate, 4–6 mm. long; lower glume coriaceous and transversely rugose below, membranous above, 2-keeled along its length; upper lemma with an awn 15–20 mm. long.. Pedicelled spikelet resembling the sessile and on a pedicel 1/3 the length of the internode, or much reduced and on a pedicel equalling the internode.
An annual grass. It can last longer. It is a straggling plant and grows 10-100 cm high. The leaf blades are 5-30 cm long by 3-15 mm wide. They are slightly hairy. The seed grains are oblong.
Straggling annual up to about 1 m. high
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in the tropics in Asia. It grows in wet places and rice fields. It grows in wet grass savannah.
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Coastal and inland swamps.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The seed grains are eaten.
Uses animal food fodder food medicinal social use
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 22 - 28
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Ischaemum rugosum unspecified picture

Distribution

Ischaemum rugosum world distribution map, present in Andorra, Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, Fiji, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Indonesia, Jamaica, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, Myanmar, Mauritania, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Nepal, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Suriname, Togo, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Ischaemum rugosum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:406281-1
WFO ID wfo-0000876374
COL ID 3Q3RL
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 732298
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Andropogon arnottianus Andropogon rugosus Andropogon tong-dong Apluda rugosa Ischaemum rugosum Ischaemum segetum Meoschium arnottianum Rottboellia glabrata Tripsacum distachyum Tripsacum distichum Ischaemum royleanum Meoschium royleanum Meoschium rugosum Andropogon griffithsiae Andropogon segetum Colladoa distachia Ischaemum colladoa Ischaemum tashiroi Meoschium wightii Ischaemum rugosum var. distachyum Ischaemum rugosum var. nanum Ischaemum rugosum var. segetum Meoschium griffithii