Jatropha integerrima Jacq.

Peregrina (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Jatropha

Characteristics

A shrub up to 1.5 m. tall.. Young shoots sparingly pubescent.. Leaf-blade oblanceolate-subpanduriform, 6–11(–13.5) cm. long, (1.5–)2.5–4(–6) cm. wide, acutely cuspidate-acuminate, attenuate, entire except at the base, which is usually glandular-denticulate, 3(–5)-nerved from the base, with up to 12 pairs of lateral nerves, glabrous above and beneath; petiole 1–2(–3) cm. long, glabrous.. Stipules filiform, 1 mm. long.. Inflorescences apparently terminal or axillary, subcorymbiform, up to 14 cm. long, on a clear scape up to 10 cm. long; axis glabrous; bracts linear-lanceolate, 2–10(–15) mm. long, subentire.. Male flowers: calyx-lobes triangular, 1 mm. long, 1 mm. wide at the base, subacute or obtuse, entire, glabrous; petals oblanceolate, 1.1–1.3 cm. long, 4–5 mm. wide, rounded at the apex, glabrous, but pubescent within at the base, scarlet or pinkish; disc-glands free, flattened, rounded; stamens 10, the 5 outer with the filaments 2.5 mm. long and united for three-quarters their length, the 5 inner with the filaments 5 mm. long and united for two-thirds their length, anthers linear, 1 mm. long.. Female flowers: calyx, corolla and disc as in ♂; ovary ± conical, 2 mm. long, 1.5 mm. diameter at the base, glabrous; styles united at the base, 3 mm. long, stigmas deeply bifid.. Fruit rounded-trigonous, ± 1 cm. long and 1 cm. diameter, smooth, dehiscing both septicidally and loculicidally.. Seeds ellipsoid-ovoid, 8–9 mm. long, 5 mm. wide, brownish buff, flecked and mottled with blackish brown, dull or slightly shiny, with a bifid caruncle 2 mm. wide.
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Shrubs, to 2.5–5 m, monoecious. Stems erect, dark brown, striate, much-branched, woody, glabrous; short shoots absent; latex watery, colorless in younger shoots, cloudy-whitish in older branches. Leaves persistent, ± evenly distributed on long shoots; stipules absent; petiole 1–5.5 cm, not stipitate-glandular; blade elliptic-ovate, obovate, lyrate, or panduriform, 7.5–15.3 × 2.9–12.5 cm, unlobed or shallowly 3-lobed, base rounded, cordate, or cuneate, margins entire (sometimes with 2–4 glands or hairs at base), apex acuminate, membranous to ± coriaceous, surfaces glabrous; venation pinnate (palmate if lobed). Inflorescences bisexual, terminal and subterminal, cymes; peduncle 5.2–21 cm; bracts 1–12 mm, margins entire, glabrous. Pedicels 2–8 mm. Staminate flowers: sepals distinct, ovate, 2.5–3(–4) × 1–1.7 mm, margins entire, apex obtuse, surfaces glabrous; corolla bright red to scarlet or pink, rotate, petals distinct, 8.4–12.1 × 2.5–4.3 mm, abaxial surface glabrous, adaxial with tufts of hairs near base; stamens 10 in 2 whorls (5 + 5); filaments of each whorl connate 1/2–3/4 length, outer whorl 4–9 mm, inner whorl 5–12 mm. Pistillate flowers resembling staminate, but sepals 3.1–3.8 × 1.2–2.2 mm; petals 9–17 × 5–10 mm; carpels 3; styles connate 1/2 length, 3–4 mm. Capsules ovoid, 1–1.3 × 0.7–1.1 cm, explosively dehiscent. Seeds cream, mottled with red and black spots, ellipsoidal, 7–10 × 4–6.5 mm; caruncle relatively small, conspicuous. 2n = 22 (cult. Fla.).
Shrub ca 2-4 m high; branches and foliage glabrous or sparsely hirsutulous. Leaves entire or often with a pair of small acute lobes below the middle; petioles mostly 3-7 cm long; stipules nearly obsolete, not evident on mature leaves; blades ovate to elliptic, abruptly short-acuminate, palmatinerved with 5(-7) main veins at the rounded or subcordate base, 5-15 cm long, 2.5-8(-13) cm broad. Dichasia terminal or pseudo-axillary, often bisexual; peduncles ca 5-10 cm long; lower bracts lanceolate, mostly 2-5 mm long, entire or obscurely glandular-dentate. Staminate flowers with pedicels mostly 5-8 mm long, articulate near the top; calyx ca 2.5-3.5 mm long, lobed about halfway, the lobes blunt, entire, not imbricate; petals elliptic-obovate, bright red, adaxially hirsute at base (glabrous over most of inner face), 15-22 mm long; disc-segments 5, rounded, reddish, ca 0.5-0.7 mm wide; stamens 10, the filaments ca 5-7 mm long, connate over halfway into a column, the anthers linear to oblong-lanceolate, mostly 2.5-3 mm long; pistillode absent. Pistillate flowers with pedicels becoming 5-9 mm long, glabres-cent; perianth similar to the d; ovary glabrous, the styles ca 2.5 mm long, slender, bifid, the stigmata linear. Capsules subglobose-cylindric (truncate), trisulcate, ca 12-13 mm long and broad; seeds fuscous, mottled with dark specks, slightly com-pressed, 9.6-10 mm long, 5.1-5.8 mm broad, the caruncle bipartite, flabellate-lacini-ate, ca 2 mm long, 3 mm broad.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.75
Mature height (meter) 2.5 - 2.75
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 4-7
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal ornamental
Edible -
Therapeutic use Poison (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 30 - 120
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Jatropha integerrima leaf picture by Vikrant Vikrant bhargude (cc-by-sa)
Jatropha integerrima leaf picture by Jesus Rodríguez (cc-by-sa)
Jatropha integerrima leaf picture by pratiwir pratiwir (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Jatropha integerrima flower picture by Enthu Gardner (cc-by-sa)
Jatropha integerrima flower picture by Enthu Gardner (cc-by-sa)
Jatropha integerrima flower picture by Swetha Manjunathaiah (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Jatropha integerrima fruit picture by Donna Shaynak (cc-by-sa)
Jatropha integerrima fruit picture by Lisa Ani (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Jatropha integerrima world distribution map, present in Bangladesh, Belize, Brazil, China, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Guatemala, Honduras, Haiti, Indonesia, India, Kenya, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Thailand, United States of America, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350290-1
WFO ID wfo-0000219712
COL ID 6NDV3
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 448391
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Jatropha acuminata Jatropha hastata Jatropha moluensis Jatropha coccinea Jatropha diversifolia Jatropha pandurifolia Adenoropium hastatum Adenoropium integerrimum Jatropha diversifolia var. pandurifolia Jatropha integerrima var. coccinea Jatropha integerrima var. hastata Jatropha integerrima var. latifolia Jatropha pandurifolia var. coccinea Jatropha pandurifolia var. latifolia Adenoropium pandurifolium Jatropha integerrima