Jatropha podagrica Hook.

Buddha belly plant (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Jatropha

Characteristics

A completely glabrous shrub up to 2 m., stem swollen at base.. Leaves long-petiolate; leaf-blade peltate, (3–)5-lobate, the lobes broadly ovate to obovate, the median lobe up to 20 cm. long and 11 cm. wide, the laterals the same or slightly smaller, subacute, entire, pale beneath; petiole 10–20 cm. long.. Stipules branched, up to 5 mm. long, glandular, becoming indurated.. Inflorescences tightly corymbiform, up to 26 cm. long, with a clear scape up to 20 cm. long; bracts triangular, 2 mm. long, subacute, subentire.. Male flowers: calyx-lobes broadly ovate, 0.6 mm. long, erose or emarginate at the apex, otherwise entire; petals obovate-oblong, 5–6 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, obtuse, scarlet; disc urceolate; stamens 6–8, 5 mm. long, connate at the base; anthers 2 mm. long, orange.. Female flowers: calyx-lobes ovate-lanceolate, 2 mm. long, obtuse, entire; petals 6–7 mm. long; disc-glands free, flattened, ± truncate; ovary ellipsoid, 3–4 mm. long, 2.5 mm. diameter, styles united at the base, 1.5 mm. long, stigmas capitate, bilobed.. Fruit ellipsoid-ovoid, trilobate, 1.5 cm. long, 1.3 cm. diameter, ± truncate at the apex, dehiscing both septicidally and loculicidally.. Seeds ellipsoid, convex-triangular in section, 1.2 cm. long, 6 mm. wide, brown, with a small fluted caruncle.
More
Erect shrubs to 2 m tall, with woody stem swollen at base or lower part; branches stout and short, fleshy, sparsely lenticellate. Stipules spiniform, persistent leaf scar large and prominent; petiole 8-10 cm, glabrous; leaf blade peltate, rotund to elliptic, 8-18(-25) × 6-16 cm, nitid green adaxially, gray-green abaxially, glabrous on both surfaces, base truncate or obtuse, margin entire or shallowly 2-6-lobed, apex obtuse; palmate veins 6-8. Inflorescences terminal, long pedunculate, branching short, red; calyx ca. 2 mm; sepals rotund, ca. 1 mm; petals obovate-oblong, ca. 6 mm, red; stamens 6-8, connate at base; anthers nearly as long as filaments; ovary glabrous; styles 3, connate at base, bifid at apex. Capsules ellipsoidal, 1.3-1.8 × ca. 1.5 cm, with 3 longitudinal grooves. Seeds ca. 1.1 cm, smooth. Fl. and fr. almost throughout year.
Subshrub to 1.5 m high, deciduous, perennial. Indumentum of simple trichomes, mainly glabrous. Stipules multifid, 1–3 mm long, eglandular. Leaves petiolate, peltate; petiole 50–170 mm long; lamina 3–5-palmatifid, 90–220 mm long, 70–250 mm wide; base lobate to rounded; margins entire, eglandular; lobe tips acute to obtuse. Male flowers 6–7 mm long, 6–7 mm diam.; pedicels 2.5–4 mm long; sepals elliptic-ovate, c. 1 mm long; petals fused into tube, lobes elliptic, 4–4.5 mm long. Female flowers 5–6 mm long, 3–3.5 mm diam.; pedicels 2–3 mm long; sepals elliptic-ovate, 1.5–2.3 mm long; petals obovate, 6–7.5 mm long; ovary 2.5–3 mm diam.; styles 1.5–2 mm long, bifid. Fruit ellipsoid, 15–17 mm long, 14–16 mm diam.
Female flowers: pedicels 1–2 mm long, stout; calyx lobes 1.5–2 × 1–1.5 mm, ovate to triangular-ovate, obtuse, entire; petals 6–7 mm long; disk glands free, flattened, ± truncate; ovary 2–3 × 2 mm, ellipsoid; styles 1.5 mm long, united at the base, stigmas capitate, 2-lobed.
Male flowers: pedicels 1–2 mm long; calyx 1.5 mm long; calyx lobes 0.5 × 1 mm, transversely ovate, emarginate, entire; petals 5–6 × 2 mm, obovate-oblong, obtuse, scarlet; disk urceolate; stamens 6–8, 5 mm long, filaments connate at the base, anthers 2 mm long, orange.
Leaf blades 10–20 × 10–20 cm, peltate, 3–5-lobed, bright green above, paler beneath; the lobes broadly ovate to obovate, subacute, entire; the median lobe 8–12 × 6–11 cm, the laterals the same or slightly smaller.
Inflorescences 20–25 cm long, with a peduncle 17–22 cm long, densely corymbiform to subcapitate; bracts up to 2 mm long, triangular, subacute, subentire.
Fruit 1.4 × 1.3 cm when dried, ellipsoid-ovoid, 3-lobed, apically and basally truncate, septicidally and loculicidally dehiscent.
Seeds 1.2 × 0.6 × 0.4 cm, ellipsoid, triangular-convex in section, brown, with a small fluted caruncle.
A completely glabrous shrub up to 2 m tall; stem swollen at the base.
Stipules up to 5 mm long, branched, glandular, becoming indurated.
Stem up to 2 ft. high, much swollen at the base
Petioles 10–20 cm long.
Cultivated in our area.
Latex watery.
Flowers red
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality -
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.05 - 1.25
Mature height (meter) 1.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 5-8
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal ornamental poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use Antifungal agents (fruit), Cardiovascular diseases (unspecified), Hypotension (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 120
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Jatropha podagrica leaf picture by Anand k Mishra (cc-by-sa)
Jatropha podagrica leaf picture by Gabriel OLLIVIER (cc-by-sa)
Jatropha podagrica leaf picture by Eylisia (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Jatropha podagrica flower picture by Felix Manzueta (cc-by-sa)
Jatropha podagrica flower picture by Mir Bahar (cc-by-sa)
Jatropha podagrica flower picture by serge astrie (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Jatropha podagrica fruit picture by Daniel Barthelemy (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Jatropha podagrica world distribution map, present in Australia, China, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Indonesia, India, Kenya, Nicaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Thailand, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:350415-1
WFO ID wfo-0000219893
COL ID 3QNF3
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 447148
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Jatropha podagrica