Juncus acutiflorus Ehrh. ex Hoffm.

Sharpflower rush (en), Jonc à tépales aigus (fr), Jonc acutiflore (fr), Jonc à fleurs aiguës (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Juncaceae > Juncus

Characteristics

Herbs, perennial, rhizomatous, to 8 dm. . Rhizomes 5--6 mm diam., nodes not swollen. Culms erect, terete, 3 mm diam., smooth. Cataphylls 1, straw-colored, apex acute. Leaves: basal 1, cauline 2; auricles 0.5 mm, apex rounded, cartilaginous; blade 7--45 cm x 1--2 mm, terete, not scabrous. Inflorescences terminal panicles of 70--120 heads, 6--10 cm, branches ascending; primary bract erect; heads 3--5(--8)-flowered, obconic, 2--4 mm diam. Flowers: tepals dark reddish brown, lanceolate, apex acuminate to subulate tipte; outer tepals 1.9--2.2 mm; inner tepals 2--2.3 mm; stamens 6, anthers 2 times filament length. Capsules inserted with beak exserted, straw-colored, 1-locular, narrowly ovoid, 2.3--2.4 mm, tapering to subulate tip, valves separating at dehiscence. Seeds narrowly ovoid, 0.5--0.6 mm, not tailed; body clear yellow-brown.
More
Tall-growing, in loose clumps or in diffuse colonies, sometimes in radiating lines of stems; rhizome stout, far-extending. Stems 30-100 cm high, stiffly erect, without internal transverse septa below inflorescence. Leaves ± compressed, conspicuously transversely-septate across whole width. Inflorescence 1-12 cm long, open, diffuse and spreading, much-branched with numerous small dark brown clusters of 3-12 flowers at end of branches, secondary branches diverging at an acute angle. Tepals 2-2.5 mm long, lanceolate, long-acuminate, outer < inner, often with recurved tips. Stamens 6. Capsule c. 3 mm long, > tepals, gradually tapering to an acute point, red-brown.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.6 - 0.8
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light 4-9
Soil humidity 5-8
Soil texture 1-2
Soil acidity 1-5
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-9

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Juncus acutiflorus habit picture by Arthur Ulmann (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Juncus acutiflorus leaf picture by Lucien Virat (cc-by-sa)
Juncus acutiflorus leaf picture by Agaath Bosma (cc-by-sa)
Juncus acutiflorus leaf picture by Robin Rearahinagh (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Juncus acutiflorus flower picture by Alain Lagrave (cc-by-sa)
Juncus acutiflorus flower picture by Rinusz (cc-by-sa)
Juncus acutiflorus flower picture by Rinusz (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Juncus acutiflorus fruit picture by alain croibien (cc-by-sa)
Juncus acutiflorus fruit picture by Steve Orridge (cc-by-sa)
Juncus acutiflorus fruit picture by Robert Devoy (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Juncus acutiflorus world distribution map, present in Albania, Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Greece, Croatia, Iraq, Italy, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Morocco, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Norway, New Zealand, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Turkey, and Ukraine

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:133720-3
WFO ID wfo-0000775706
COL ID 3QTF7
BDTFX ID 36366
INPN ID 104101
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Juncus brevirostris Phylloschoenus acutiflorus Juncus rufus Juncus foliosus Juncus nemorosus Juncus spadiceus Juncus acutiflorus var. exoletus Juncus acutiflorus var. genuinus Juncus acutiflorus var. hagenbachianus Juncus acutiflorus var. laxus Juncus acutiflorus var. microcephalus Juncus acutiflorus var. multiflorus Juncus acutiflorus subsp. multiflorus Juncus acutiflorus var. pauciflorus Juncus acutiflorus var. repens Juncus acutiflorus var. tenuifolius Juncus acutiflorus var. viviparus Juncus lampocarpus var. acutiflorus Juncus sylvaticus var. brachiatus Juncus sylvaticus var. congestus Juncus sylvaticus var. macrocephalus Juncus sylvaticus var. pallescens Juncus sylvaticus var. paniculatus Juncus sylvaticus var. viviparus Juncus acutiflorus

Lower taxons

Juncus acutiflorus subsp. acutiflorus Juncus acutiflorus subsp. rugosus