Juncus capitatus Weigel

Dwarf rush (en), Jonc à inflorescence globuleuse (fr), Jonc capité (fr), Jonc en tête (fr), Jonc à têtes (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Juncaceae > Juncus

Characteristics

Very small tufted annuals (20-)5080 mm tall. Leaves several per shoot, narrowly linear, about half as long as inflorescences, forming a broad, membranous, folded sheath basally. Capitula single, apical, pseudolateral, 2-8-flowered, lowest bract leaf-like forming continuation of stem, exserted above. Flowers chasmogamous or cleistogamous. Tepals 3-4 mm long, ovate, transparent, pale, often pinkish, outer aristate, inner shorter, apiculate. Stamens 3, opposite outer tepals; filaments longer than anthers. Ovary ovoid; style long, with erect stigmas or short, with stigmas curled up on top of ovary. Capsule trilocular, ovoid, mucronate, included in perianth, shiny, brown; seeds 0.3 mm long, obovate, reticulate, golden brown.
More
Herbs, annual, cespitose, 0.3--1 dm. Culms to 20. Leaves basal; auricles absent; blade 0.5--2.5 cm  ã 0.5 mm. Inflorescences: glomerules 1--2, each with 2--10(--14) flowers; bracts subtending inflorescence 1(--2), foliose, clearly surpassing inflorescence. Flowers: tepals 6, tan to brownish, subulate, lanceolate-ovate, 3.5--4.5(--5) mm, 2 times length of inner tepals, margins scarious; inner series delicate, shorter, apex acute; stamens 3, filaments 1 mm, anthers 0.5 mm; style 0.4--0.7 mm. Capsules tan to reddish brown, 3-locular, globose to obovoid, 1.2--1.7 mm, shorter than tepals. Seeds ellipsoid-ovoid, 0.3--0.4 mm. 2n = 18.
Annual, dwarf, tufted, reddish-tinged, 2.5-9-(15) cm high; roots fibrous, plant readily pulled from soil. Leaves all basal, very short, setaceous. Inflorescence small, terminal, a single 3-8-flowered cluster with occasionally 1-2 lateral clusters, subtended by a longer bract. Tepals to 5 mm long, outer long-acuminate, much > inner. Stamens 4, or variable 3-5. Capsule 3-5 mm long, reddish, < tepals, shortly beaked, light green tinged with red at top.
Small, tufted, annual herb, up to 80 mm high. Leaves many; blade narrowly linear; cataphylls absent. Flowers: capitulum pseudolateral; stamens 3; single subtending bract exserted, forming continuation of stem; perianth green; Jun.
Small, tufted annual herb, up to 80 mm tall. Plants with capitulum pseudolateral. Stamens 3. Subtending bract exserted, forming continuation of stem. Leaves many, narrowly linear. Flowers green.
A small annual rush about 9 cm. high
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.08 - 0.1
Root system fibrous-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

At high altitudes.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity 1-5
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-10

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Fruit

Juncus capitatus fruit picture by Diego Alex (cc-by-sa)
Juncus capitatus fruit picture by Diego Alex (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Juncus capitatus world distribution map, present in Albania, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus, Brazil, Switzerland, Chile, Cameroon, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Spain, Ethiopia, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Lebanon, Libya, Lesotho, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Morocco, North Macedonia, Malta, Montenegro, Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:442792-1
WFO ID wfo-0000776171
COL ID 3QTKM
BDTFX ID 36463
INPN ID 104148
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Juncus mutabilis Juncus tenellus Juncus triandrus Schoenus minimus Juncus capitatus Juncus capitatus f. physcomitrioides Juncus capitatus f. umbelliformis Juncus globiceps Juncus gracilis Juncus ericetorum Juncus capitatus var. congestus Juncus capitatus var. physcomitrioides Juncus capitatus subsp. setaceus Juncus capitatus var. triandrus Juncus gracilis var. capitatus Juncus capitatus var. setaceus