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Juncus exsertus Buchenau

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Juncaceae > Juncus

Characteristics

Tufted, perennial, rhizomatous herb, up to 0.6 m high. Leaves 2-5, basal and on stem, terete, distinctly septate, apex pointed, base with open, auriculate sheaths; cataphylls 1-4, acute. Scape rigid, terete, with one central gas channel. Inflorescence paniculate, often appearing terminal because subtending leaf or bract shorter than inflorescence. Flowers in obconic heads, many-flowered; floral bract solitary (bracteoles absent. Perianth segments unequal, linear, 3-4 mm long, aristate. Stamens 3 or 6; anthers shorter than filaments. Ovary 1-celled; style short, with 3 longer, red, stigmatic arms. Capsule loculicidal, thin, slender, oblong-ovoid, gradually narrowed above with beak-like tip; well exserted from perianth, 0.5-2.0x as long as perianth segments. Seeds ovoid.
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Similar to J. oxycarpus (above) but capitula are usually fewer-flowered, obconic; capsules thin, slender, well exserted from perianth; raised bars forming reticulate pattern on testa of seeds (x 1000 enlargement) moniliform, not smooth. Occasionally flowers turn into vegetative buds which may form new plants.
Tufted, perennial herb, up to 0.8 m high. Leaves septate, terete or somewhat flattened, in transverse section with central gas channel only. Flowers: scape 0.3-0.4 m high, septate, with 2-5 leaves; perianth reddish brown; Sep.-May. Fruit 1.5-2.0 x as long as perianth segments, attenuate, beaked.
Tufted, perennial herb, up to 0.8 m high. Flowering stem with 3-5 leaves. Capsule unilocular, cylindrical, beaked, exserted from perianth. Medulla of stem with a central cavity only. Flowers reddish brown.
Tufted perennial with soft stems, 0.2-0.8 m tall. Leaves cylindrical, septate. Flowers in round capitula in pseudolateral panicles, brown, capsule cylindrical and exserted from perianth.
Similar to J. oxycarpus but capsule cylindrical and exserted from perianth.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.7 - 0.8
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 1-12
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Hat (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Juncus exsertus world distribution map, present in Lesotho and South Africa

Conservation status

Juncus exsertus threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:442945-1
WFO ID wfo-0000776421
COL ID 3QTPH
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Juncus rostratus Juncus exsertus subsp. lesuticus Juncus exsertus
WorldFloraDB 2024