Juncus maritimus Lam.

Sea rush (en), Jonc maritime (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Juncaceae > Juncus

Characteristics

Herbs, perennial, 5--10 dm. Rhizomes thick. Culms closely set along rhizomes, 2--3.5 mm diam. Cataphylls 3--5. Leaves basal, 2--4; auricles absent; blade terete, 40--60 cm x 1--2 mm. Inflorescences glomerules, to 100, each with 2--4 flowers, congested to open, 5--19 x 2--5 cm; primary bracts somewhat inflated, usually surpassing inflorescence. Flowers: tepals straw-colored; outer series 2.8--2.9 mm, apex acute; inner series elliptic, 2.3--2.5 mm, apex obtuse; stamens 6, 1.4--1.9 mm, anthers 2 times length of filaments; style 1--1.2 mm. Capsules straw-colored, 3-locular, ovoid to ellipsoid, 2.5--3.5 x 1.2-- 1.5 mm, nearly equal to slightly exceeding perianth. Seeds brown, ellipsoid, body 0.6--0.7 mm, tails 0.5--1.2 mm. 2n = 40, 48.
More
Clumps densely or loosely tufted; rhizome stout, woody, long or short. Stems 30-100-(120) cm × 1.5-3 mm, rigid, often distant along rhizome. Leaves 1-2, terete like stems but shorter. Inflorescence open, irregularly branched, flowers in small clusters. Stamens usually 3 perfect and 3 aborted. Capsule c. 3 mm long, ± = tepals, dark brown, often almost black. Seeds without tails or very shortly tailed.
A rush. It is a herb.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.5 - 1.0
Root system creeping-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a Mediterranean climate plant.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 6-8
Soil texture 1-3
Soil acidity 1-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-10

Usage

The young shoots are mixed with Lavatera cretica (Malva multiflora) to make a vegetable dish.
Uses environmental use material medicinal
Edible shoots
Therapeutic use Discutient (unspecified), Pectoral (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by divisions or seedlings.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Juncus maritimus habit picture by Maxime Dépinoy (cc-by-sa)
Juncus maritimus habit picture by Groupe Botanique de Bruxelles (cc-by-sa)
Juncus maritimus habit picture by Pierre Mambré (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Juncus maritimus leaf picture by Do Vermee (cc-by-sa)
Juncus maritimus leaf picture by Daniel PIACERE (cc-by-sa)
Juncus maritimus leaf picture by kael34 (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Juncus maritimus flower picture by hieracium eriophorum (cc-by-sa)
Juncus maritimus flower picture by Maxime Dépinoy (cc-by-sa)
Juncus maritimus flower picture by Martine van wolfswinkel (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Juncus maritimus fruit picture by steven55 (cc-by-sa)
Juncus maritimus fruit picture by PA_VO MAR_2122 (cc-by-sa)
Juncus maritimus fruit picture by Alain Lagrave (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Juncus maritimus world distribution map, present in Albania, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Spain, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Georgia, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, India, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Morocco, Montenegro, Netherlands, New Zealand, Pakistan, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Sweden, Syrian Arab Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, United States of America, Uzbekistan, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:443185-1
WFO ID wfo-0000776856
COL ID 3QTWD
BDTFX ID 36591
INPN ID 104246
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Schoenus coarctatus Juncus broteri Juncus paui Juncus ponticus Juncus pseudacutus Juncus maritimus var. atlanticus Juncus maritimus var. congestus Juncus spinosus var. congestus Juncus maritimus var. luxurians Juncus maritimus var. nervatus Juncus maritimus var. ponticus Juncus maritimus