Kalmia angustifolia L.

Sheep laurel (en), Kalmia à feuilles étroites (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Ericaceae > Kalmia

Characteristics

Shrubs erect, 0.3-1.5 m. Twigs terete, viscid, glabrous or puberulent. Leaves usually in whorls of 3, rarely alternate or opposite; petiole 6-16 mm, usually puberulent; blade oblong to elliptic-lanceolate, 1.5-8 × 0.5-2.5 cm, margins usually plane, apex obtuse to acute, usually apiculate, abaxial surface glabrous or puberulent, sometimes stipitate-glandular, adaxial lightly puberulent (hairs white, to 0.1 mm), sometimes glabrescent, midrib puberulent. Inflorescences axillary near distal end, corymbiform racemes, 4-12-flowered. Pedicels 5-20 mm. Flowers: sepals usually green, sometimes reddish apically or throughout, ovate, 2-2.8 mm, apex usually acuminate, surfaces puberulent; petals connate nearly their entire lengths, usually reddish purple to pink, rarely white or bluish pink, usually deeper colored near anther pockets and with ring of red to purple spots just proximal to pockets, 7.5-9.5 × 6-13 mm, abaxial surface puberulent, adaxial glabrous, puberulent toward base; filaments 2.5-3.5 mm; style 3.5-4.5 mm. Capsules 5-locular, 2-3.5 × 3-5 mm, puberulent, stipitate-glandular. Seeds winged, obovoid, 0.6-1 mm. 2n = 24.
More
Branching shrub to 1 m; lvs firm, most of them ternate or opposite, short-petioled, elliptic or oblong, 3–5 cm, a fourth or half as wide, dull or somewhat bluish-green, glabrous or obscurely hairy above, paler and glabrous or with scattered stipitate glands beneath; fls several or many in short-peduncled, umbelliform or corymbiform racemes from the axils of last year’s lvs, on pedicels to 2 cm, these and the bracteoles and cal stipitate-glandular as well as finely puberulent; cor 6–12 mm wide, reddish-purple to deep pink; fr depressed-globose, 3–5 mm thick; 2n=24. Mostly in acid soils; Nf. and Lab. to Va., and inland to Mich. and s. Ont. May–July.The var. angustifolia, as principally described above, gives way at the s. to var. carolina (Small) Fernald, Carolina sheep-laurel, occurring at the margins of bogs and swamps on the coastal plain from se. Va. to S.C. and in the mts. from sw. Va. to Tenn. and n. Ga. Var. carolina is sometimes taller, to 1.5 m; lvs softly and permanently velvety-canescent beneath and with scattered stipitate glands; cal and bracteoles finely velvety-canescent, not glandular. Apr., May. (K. c.)
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.0 - 1.5
Mature height (meter) 1.0 - 1.5
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Acidic bogs and swamps.
Light 4-7
Soil humidity 4-7
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 2-5
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-8

Usage

Uses environmental use food medicinal poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use Nose Medicine (bark), Gastrointestinal Aid (flower), Tonic (flower), Nose Medicine (leaf), Cold Remedy (leaf), Analgesic (leaf), Poison (leaf), Gastrointestinal Aid (leaf), Tonic (leaf), Panacea (leaf), Cold Remedy (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Dermatological Aid (unspecified), Orthopedic Aid (unspecified), Analgesic (unspecified), Panacea (unspecified), Cyanogenetic (unspecified)
Human toxicity toxic (leaf)
Animal toxicity strong toxic (leaf)

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 60
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -30
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Kalmia angustifolia habit picture by Natacha Ouellet (cc-by-sa)
Kalmia angustifolia habit picture by William Coville (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Kalmia angustifolia leaf picture by Zachary Holderby (cc-by-sa)
Kalmia angustifolia leaf picture by William Coville (cc-by-sa)
Kalmia angustifolia leaf picture by Thorsten Simon (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Kalmia angustifolia flower picture by Zachary Holderby (cc-by-sa)
Kalmia angustifolia flower picture by Nandan (cc-by-sa)
Kalmia angustifolia flower picture by Isaiah Amos (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Kalmia angustifolia fruit picture by Benoit Michaud (cc-by-sa)
Kalmia angustifolia fruit picture by Arielle (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Kalmia angustifolia world distribution map, present in Canada, France, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:133210-2
WFO ID wfo-0000356149
COL ID 6NK44
BDTFX ID 82303
INPN ID 762256
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Kalmia angustifolia f. angustifolia Kalmia angustifolia var. angustifolia Chamaedaphne angustifolia Kalmia angustifolia