Kirkia acuminata Oliv.

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Kirkiaceae > Kirkia

Characteristics

Tree with spreading rounded crown, 3-17(-23) m high; bark pale grey, smooth or slightly rough. Leaflets in (3-)6-9(-10) pairs, glabrous or pilose, hairs sometimes restricted to midrib, elliptic, 29-88 x 10-24 mm, apex acuminate, slightly curving, base slightly oblique, margin crenate, becoming bright scarlet in autumn; petiolules absent to 2 mm long. Pedicels articulated near base, whitish-puberulous. Sepals glabrous or pubescent, 1-2 x 1-1.5 mm. Petals 4(-5), glabrous or outer surface pubescent, 3-6 x 1-1.5 mm, white to cream. Stamens with anthers oval, 1-2 mm long; filaments linear, glabrous, 3-4 mm long; staminodes about 1/3 as large. Fruit glabrous, 11-20 x 6-9 mm, length 1.5-3 times the breadth.
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It is a deciduous tree. It grows 6-16 m tall. It has a clean trunk. The branches are straight. The bark is grey and smooth when young but becomes corrugated in old age. The leaves are 10-45 cm long. The leaves have 6-10 pairs of leaflets. They are larger towards the tip. The leaflets are 2-8 cm long by 1-3 cm wide. The flowering stalks are branched and hairy with several flowers. The flowers are pale green to cream and of 2 forms some being male and others female. The fruit are 1-2 cm long and about 1 cm wide. They are woody.
Leaves 10–45 cm. long, viscid when young, densely pubescent (then ± glabrescent) to glabrous, hairs proportionately more numerous on the rhachis and on the midrib of the leaflet above and below than on the lamina; petiole 3–10 cm. long; leaflets sessile or subsessile, 6–10-jugate, somewhat larger towards the distal end; lamina 2–8 × 1–2·5 cm., narrowly ovate to lanceolate, apex acuminate to long-acuminate, margin crenulate, base ± asymmetric.
Gynoecium in male flowers a minute vestige lying centrally on the disk; in female flowers glabrous to pubescent consisting of (before anthesis) four erect narrowly flask-shaped carpels fused at the base but diverging above into the styles which are free at the base but united above, stigmas united, capitate; after anthesis styles deciduous above the base.
Medium-sized deciduous tree 6–16 m. tall with clean bole, well branched above with straightish branches; bark grey, smooth when young, flaking later, corrugated in old age; young twigs with prominent ± rhombic leaf scars 2–5 × 3–7 mm.
Stamens in male flowers with filaments 3–4 mm. long, tapering towards the apex, glabrous; anthers 0·7 mm. long; in female flowers stamens about half the size of those in the male flowers and apparently non-functional.
Petals spreading, c. 4 mm. long, narrowly triangular with subacute apex and minute globose loosely attached glands at the base within, glabrous within, sometimes pubescent along the middle outside.
Tree, up to 17 m high. Leaves usually fewer than 10 pairs of leaflets, leaflets elliptic, 29-88 x 10-24 mm, base slightly oblique, margin crenate, bright scarlet in autumn. Flowers white to cream.
Fruit 0·8–2 × 0·5–1 cm., woody, oblong-ellipsoid, tetragonal with very acute angles, glabrous, with what are apparently recurved style-bases at the top.
Inflorescences much branched, with minute bracts, pubescent (then ± glabrescent) to glabrous, viscid, with numerous flowers.
Flowers pale green to cream, pubescent to glabrous, dimorphic (some functionallyfemale, some functionally male).
Sepals 1·5–2 × 1·5–2 mm., triangular to circular, densely pubescent to glabrous outside, glabrous within.
Seed almost as large as, and apparently fused with the mericarp.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 6.0 - 16.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.1
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in woodland on well drained soils. It is usually at about 1,200 m altitude but can grow up to 1,500 m altitude. It can grow on rocky soils and in a range of other soil types. They are drought resistant but damaged by frost. It can grow in arid places.
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Found in a range of habitats including bushland, woodland, savannah and rocky hillslopes, at elevations to 1,600 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 6-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The swollen root is chewed to quench thirst.
Uses animal food charcoal environmental use fiber food gene source material medicinal social use wood
Edible fruits roots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds. Seeds are sown in sand. They germinate in 8-14 days. Seedlings can be planted out at the 2 leaf stage. It can also be grown from large cuttings of branches.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Kirkia acuminata unspecified picture

Distribution

Kirkia acuminata world distribution map, present in Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, Malawi, Namibia, eSwatini, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Kirkia acuminata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:813789-1
WFO ID wfo-0000357048
COL ID 3R8KJ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Kirkia pubescens Kirkia glauca Kirkia acuminata Kirkia acuminata var. pubescens

Lower taxons

Kirkia acuminata var. cordata