Kopsia fruticosa (Roxb.) A.Dc.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Apocynaceae > Kopsia

Characteristics

Tree to 6 m tall. Bark mostly greyish. Branchlets sparsely to densely puberulent, glabrescent when older, not lenticellate, weakly angled. Leaves: petiole 5-12 mm long, glabrous; blade subcoriaceous or coriaceous, elliptic, 5.4-22 by 2.5-10.2 cm, 1.7-3.5 times as long as wide, apex short to long acuminate with blunt tip, base obtuse to cuneate, glabrous above and beneath, secondary veins 8-17 pairs with 4-21 mm spacing, 50-70° from midrib. Inflorescence dichasial, 4.9-9.5 cm long with axes 1.1-5.5 cm long and branches 1.1-1.9 mm wide, sparsely to densely puberulent; peduncle 0.3-4 cm by 1.9-2.9 mm, puberulent at least in upper parts; pedicels 1.4-5 mm long, sparsely to densely puberulent; subtending bracts persistent; bracts present on pedicel. Sepals ovate or oblong, 1.7-2.5 by 1.2-2.2 mm, 1-1.7 times as long as wide, apex emarginate to obtuse, ciliate, glabrous to densely puberulent, glabrous or puberulent on upper half inside. Corolla mostly white or pale pink at the base of the tube and becoming pinker higher up, lobes whitish pink to pink with a darker pink to almost red throat, more rarely whole corolla only pale pinkish; tube 25-37 by 1.8-3.2 mm, 1.5-2.5 times as long as lobes, 11.6-21.2 times as long as calyx, pubescent around stamens and slightly beneath inside, throat pubescent, glabrous outside; lobes 10-33 by 5.5-16 mm, 1.6-2.4 times as long as wide, elliptic, apex rounded, ciliate or ciliate only at lobe base, glabrous outside and inside. Stamens inserted 20-33.5 mm from corolla base which is 0.8-0.9 of corolla tube length in rehydrated flowers; anthers 1.9-2.5 by 0.5-0.8 mm, 2.9-3.8 times as long as wide, 1.4-2.4 mm from corolla throat; filaments 0.6-0.9 mm long, pubescent. Disk 1-1.7 mm long, 0.7-1.3 times as long as ovaries, glabrous, oblong or awl-shaped, apex acute, acuminate or irregularly toothed and acuminate. Ovaries 1.2-1.6 mm high, densely pubescent; style 20.5-32 mm long; style head 1.1-1.5 mm long. Fruit falcate with a blunt hooked spur, c. 17 by 5 by 7 mm, spur c. 3 mm long, densely puberulent.
More
Shrubs evergreen, to 4 m tall, glabrous except for inflorescences. Petiole ca. 1 cm; leaf blade narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong, 10-23 X 2.5-9 cm, apex acute or obtusely caudate; lateral veins 10-15 pairs. Inflorescences few flowered, puberulent; peduncle to 1 cm; bracteoles to 1.5 mm, pubescent. Pedicel 5-7 mm. Sepals ovoid, 1.5-2.5 mm, pubescent, apex obtuse. Corolla pink, tube 3-5 cm, throat pubescent; lobes oblong, 1.5-2.5 cm. Disc scales sublinear, as long as or shorter than ovary. Ovary tomentose. Style 3-4 cm. Drupe ellipsoid, usually solitary, 1-seeded, to 2.5 X 2 cm, pubescent. 2n = 36.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses environmental use material medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Cardiovascular system (root), Diuretics (root), Hypotension (root), Cholinergic (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Syphilis (unspecified), Poison(Arrow) (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Kopsia fruticosa leaf picture by Janelle Jkhjung (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Kopsia fruticosa flower picture by Jorba Ferron (cc-by-sa)
Kopsia fruticosa flower picture by Gerard (cc-by-sa)
Kopsia fruticosa flower picture by Janelle Jkhjung (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Kopsia fruticosa world distribution map, present in Bangladesh, China, India, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, United States of America, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:79497-1
WFO ID wfo-0000221361
COL ID 3RD26
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 454993
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Kopsia vinciflora Calpicarpum roxburghii Cerbera fruticosa Tabernaemontana longiflora Tabernaemontana rosea Cerbera fruticosa Kopsia roxburghii Kopsia fruticosa