Lannea edulis Engl.

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Anacardiaceae > Lannea

Characteristics

A geophytic shrublet with purple-brown stems, normally up to 30 cm. high, occa-sionally up to 60 cm. high, arising from a large nodose, rugose, woody rootstock, at first densely covered with rusty tomentum of flexuous stellate hairs, later glabrescent.. Leaves 1–7-foliolate, alternate, up to 30 cm. long; rachis up to 26 cm. long, slightly longitudinally grooved above, stellate-tomentose in the juvenile stage, later glabrescent; young leaflets elliptic, acute at the apex and densely tomentose on both surfaces, adult ones elliptic, oblong-ovate, ovate to subcircular, 9–20(–25) cm. long, 9–12(–15) cm. broad, discolorous, obtuse to broadly acuminate at the apex, rounded to somewhat cuneate at the base, glabrescent to almost glabrous on the upper surface, tomentose or glabrescent beneath, the terminal one with petiolule 0.5–5 cm. long, lateral ones subsessile or with petiolules up to 4 mm. long; midrib prominent beneath; lateral nerves (7–)8–10 on each side; reticulation conspicuous beneath on the old leaflets.. Inflorescences racemose or compressed panicles 3–10 cm. long, covered with minute stellate hairs, arising from short branches near ground-level before, below the leaves or with the young leaves; pedicels 1–3 mm. long.. Calyx-lobes ovate, ± 1 mm. long, reddish, obtuse, glabrescent.. Petals 2–3 mm. long, 1.2–1.5 mm. broad, yellowish to pinkish, somewhat unguiculate.. Drupe ovoid, compressed, 8–11 mm. long, 6–9 mm. in diameter, bright deep red.
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Leaves 3–7-foliolate, rarely 1-foliolate, up to about 30 cm. long; petiole and rhachis 3 (in the 1-foliolate leaves)-26 cm. long, flattened or slightly canaliculate on the upper side, stellate-tomentose in the juvenile state, later glabrescent; young leaflets elliptic, acute, densely tomentose on both surfaces, with the reticulation invisible, the adult ones discolorous, 9–20 × 4–12 cm., elliptic, oblong-obovate, ovate to subcircular, obtuse to widely acuminate at the apex, rounded or somewhat cuneate at the base, rigid or coriaceous, glabrescent or almost glabrous on the upper surface, ± persistently tomentose or glabrescent below, petiolulate, the petiolules compressed, canaliculate, the terminal one 0·5–5 cm. long, the lateral ones up to 0·4 cm. long; midrib sunk or slightly raised above, strongly prominent beneath, lateral nerves (7)8–10 on each side, visible above, raised below, reticulation: ± visible on the upper face, very prominent beneath, mainly in the oldest leaves.
A low shrub. It has a large woody rootstock. The stems are 3-30 cm high. The leaves arise from ground level. The leaves are 30 cm long. The leaves have 5-7 leaflets along the stalk. The leaves are densely hairy. The flowers are small and yellow. They are in short groups at ground level. The fruit are small and red and in clusters. They are 9-11 mm long by 8-9 mm wide.
Inflorescences almost at ground level, coming up some weeks after burnings, before the leaves or with the young leaves, composed of panicles, with the 3–10 cm. long axis, the very short lateral branches and the pedicels covered by minute red glands and stellate hairs; pedicels 1–3 mm. long.
Suffrutex with stems 3–30 cm. high, at first ferruginous-stellate-tomentose, later glabrescent, arising from a large, nodose, rugose, woody, trailing rootstock.
Calyx segments red in dry state, ovate, obtuse, glabrescent, with or without some glands.
Petals yellowish to pinkish, 2–3 × 1·3–1·5 mm., elliptic, somewhat unguiculate.
Drupe bright to deep red, 9–11 × 8–9 × 6–7 mm., ovoid, compressed.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.25 - 0.3
Root system -
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Flower color
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in humid areas but not on wet soils. In Kenya it grows between 900-1,200 m altitude. It grows in wooded grassland areas that are frequently burnt. It can grow in arid places. In Zimbabwe it grows in areas with a rainfall between 850-950 mm per year.
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Rocks. In open woodlands of several types, open grassy plains, dambos (swamps), termite mounds, burnt ground, at elevations from 245-1,625 metres.
Light -
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The fruit are eaten raw. They can also be dried. They can be used for jams and jelly. The root of the young plant is eaten.
Uses food gene source invertebrate food material medicinal
Edible fruits roots seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
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Images

Lannea edulis unspecified picture

Distribution

Lannea edulis world distribution map, present in Angola, Burundi, Botswana, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Malawi, Namibia, Rwanda, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:69767-1
WFO ID wfo-0000360306
COL ID 3S7FQ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Lannea edulis var. edulis Lannea nana Odina edulis Calesiam edule Lannea edulis