Laurus L.

Laurel (en), Laurier (fr)

Genus

Angiosperms > Laurales > Lauraceae

Characteristics

Trees evergreen, small. Leaves alternate; leaf blade leathery, pinninerved. Flowers unisexual, in pedunculate umbels enveloped by 4 decussate involucral bracts before anthesis, axillary, always in pairs, usually 1 or 3 in cluster on short raceme. Perianth tube short; perianth lobes 4, subequal. Male flowers: stamens 8-14, usually 12, in 3 whorls; filaments of 1st whorl eglandular, but those of 2nd or 3rd whorls each with 2 reniform glands at middle part; anthers 2-celled, cells introrse; ovary infertile. Female flowers: staminodes 4, alternate to perianth lobes; filaments each with 2 sessile glands and a lanceolate ligule between glands at apex; ovary 1-celled; style short; stigma slightly dilated, obtusely trigonous, 1-ovuled. Fruit ovoid; perianth tube not or slightly dilated, ruptured or not.
More
Trees; branchlets pubescent to subglabrous. Leaves alternate, leathery, glabrous, venation pinnate. Inflorescence axillary, on short shoots, in clusters of c. 5 flowers, subtended by an involucre of persistent bracts. Flowers unisexual (sexes on different plants), 2-merous; perianth segments in 2 whorls of 2; receptacle flat or shallow. Male flowers with 8–30 stamens, in 3 whorls; staminodes absent; anthers 2-locular, dehiscing introrsely. Female flowers with c. 4 staminodes; ovary superior. Fruit ovoid, receptacle hardly enlarged, forming a small cupule, perianth deciduous.
Dioecious or occasionally ☿ trees with several trunks, or large shrubs, aromatic, evergreen. Lvs with pinnate venation. Fls in axillary umbels enclosed by a globose involucre of bracts in bud. Perianth with 4 subequal segments, not accrescent or forming a tube enclosing fr. Stamens usually 12 in 3-4 whorls; filaments each with a stipitate gland on each side, rarely stamens of outermost 2 rows eglandular; anthers 2-valved, introrse. ♀ fls often with 4 staminodes. Style short. Fr. a berry, seated on scarcely enlarged calyx tube; skin single-layered.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) -
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
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Hardiness (USDA) 7-11

Usage

The leaves of Laurus nobilus (Bay Tree, Bay Laurel) have many culinary uses, especially in stews and soups.
Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 40 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 10 - 15
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Laurus unspecified picture
Laurus unspecified picture

Distribution

Laurus world distribution map, present in Australia, China, New Zealand, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:328263-2
WFO ID wfo-4000020759
COL ID 5BHG
BDTFX ID 86676
INPN ID 193894
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Laurus Appella Adaphus

Lower taxons

Laurus nobilis Laurus novocanariensis Laurus azorica