Leea guineensis G.Don

Species

Angiosperms > Vitales > Vitaceae > Leea

Characteristics

Shrub, sometimes with a creeping rootstock, or ± herbaceous branches, or tree 1-5(-10) m; branches usually glabrous or finely pubescent, rarely densely hairy, villose or papillose. Leaves (1-)2-or 3(-4)-pinnate, leaflets numerous. Petiole (5-)10-20(-25) cm; stipule obovate, 2-4(-6) by (1-)1½-3 cm, early caducous, glabrous, sparsely pubescent to woolly; scar broadly triangular (1-)2-3(-4) cm long, slightly shorter than the stipule; rachis (10-) 25-75(-100) cm. Leaflets (broadly) ovate to ovate-lanceolate or (broadly) elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, (3-) 8-20 (-30) by (1½-)3-8 (-14) cm, rarely irregularly incised, above usually glabrous, rarely sparsely hairy to hispid, below glabrous to sparsely pubescent, rarely densely pilose or hispid, chartaceous to sub-coriaceous; pearl glands globoid, small, rapidly caducous; margin repand to denticulate; apex (long-)acuminate; base cuneate to rounded, less frequently truncate or unequal; nerves (4-) 6-10(-18) pairs, often with hairy domatia; petiolules (2-) 6-12 (-20) mm, glabrous or pubescent. Inflorescences (3-) 10-25 (-40) cm long, compact to lax, less frequently condensed, rusty pubescent, less frequently glabrous or hairy, rarely woolly; bracts ovate to deltoid to narrowly triangular, up to 3 mm long; peduncle (1-) 3-10(-25) cm, lateral and ultimate branches long and spreading, or ultimate branches condensed. Flowers 5-merous, red to reddish orange, staminal tube red to citrous white. Calyx 1-3 by 2-4 mm, glabrous or pubescent; lobes 1-2 by 1-2 mm. Corolla tube + staminodial lobes (2-)3-5 mm long; corolla lobes 2-4 by 1-2½ mm. Staminodial tube (1½-)2-3 mm long; upper free part (1-)1½-2½ mm, lobes shallowly retuse, notched or cleft, sometimes continuing growth to appear apiculate, sinuses thin, shallow 0.2-0.6 mm; upper part (0.2) 0.5-1.25 mm. Filaments ½-1¼ mm, anthers ¾-2 mm. Ovary (4-) 6 (-8)-celled, style 1-2¼ mm. Fruit 5-15 mm Ø, red; seeds usually 6, c. 5 by 4 mm, rumination outline simple, endosperm simply ruminate.
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Softly woody shrub with fleshy jointed stem or climber or can be unbranched and ± herbaceous, 0.4–3 m. tall; outside the Flora area sometimes a shrub or tree 1–5(–10) m. tall; branches usually glabrous but rarely pubescent to densely hairy or papillose.. Leaves (1–)2–3(–4)-pinnate; leaflets 3–7 per pinna; petiole (5–)10–20(–25) cm. long; rhachis (10–)25–75(–100) cm. long; petiolules 1.5–4 cm. long; stipules obovate, 2–4(–6) cm. long, (1–)1.5–3 cm. wide, soon deciduous, glabrous to woolly; leaflets ovate or elliptic to oblong or elliptic-lanceolate, the terminal one more elliptic and the laterals mostly narrower and more oblong, (3–)8–20(–30) cm. long, (1.5–)3–8(–14) cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cuneate to rounded or truncate at the base, mostly ± glabrous, less often pubescent or hispid, repand to denticulate at the margins.. Inflorescences (3–)10–25(–40) cm. long, lax to condensed, glabrous to rusty pubescent; pedicels 1–2 mm. long; bracts ovate to narrowly triangular, up to 3 mm. long; axes pink to crimson.. Calyx orange-red, 1–3 mm. long, 2–4 mm. wide, glabrous or pubescent; lobes 1–2 mm. long and wide.. Corolla yellow or orange to red; tube 3–5 mm. long; lobes 2–4 mm. long, 1–2.5 mm. wide.. Staminodial tube pale yellow, (1.3–)2–3 mm. long.. Ovary (4–)6(–8)-locular; style cream, 1–2.5 mm. long.. Fruit orange, red, dark red or purplish to black, 0.5–1.5 cm. in diameter.. Seeds 6 × 5 × 4 mm., with simply ruminate endosperm.. Fig. 26.
A shrub or small tree. It grows 5-8 m high. The leaves are alternate. They are 25-80 cm long. They vary in shape, even on a single plant. They can be simple, or divided once or twice into leaflets. The leaf stalk is usually rounded. The upper end of the leaf stalk has a groove. The leaflets can be oval, rounded or wedge shaped. The leaflet at the end is larger than the side leaflets and on a longer stalk. The flower clusters occur opposite leaves and have a flat top. They can be 10-20 cm across. The flowers are greenish-white and individual flowers are 7-8 mm across. The petals eventually curve backwards. The fruit are flattened, round berries which have 4-6 lobes. They are 9-12 mm across. They are a dull green. There are 4-6 seeds inside. The fruit are edible. (The leaves and flowers are a little like elder.)
Shrubs or small trees. Branchlets terete, almost glabrous. Leaves 2-or 3-pinnate; petiole 6-13 cm, central petiolules 1.5-4 cm, lateral petiolules 0.5-1.5 cm, glabrous; leaflets oval elliptic to long and roundly lanceolate, 5-15 × 2.5-8 cm, base broadly cuneate, or rarely suborbicular, margin with acute teeth, apex acuminate, glabrous; lateral veins 6-11 pairs, abaxial veinlets conspicuous but not protruding. Inflorescences a corymboselike compound dichasium, ca. 50 cm in diam. Pedicel very short or nearly none, sparsely with papillary hairs; buds ca. 3 mm. Calyx tube cupulate; sepal triangular, with an acute apex, glabrous. Petals 5, elliptic, red. Stamens 5; filaments 1.2-1.6 mm; anthers yellow. Ovary ovate; stigma expanded slightly. Berry subglobose, ca. 0.8 cm in diam.
Leaves bipinnate or occasionally tripinnate at the base; petiole c. 12 cm. long, glabrous or pubescent; rhachis with reddish swellings at the insertion of the pinnae in the fresh state but these swellings changing to constrictions in herbarium specimens; stipules 2–4 × 1–3 cm., very caducous; pinnae 5; leaflets 3–5(7), imparipinnate, opposite, petiolule to 2 mm. long, leaflet-lamina 4–20 × 2–7 cm., elliptic, acuminate at the apex, margin serrate-dentate, rounded at the base, somewhat discolorous, glabrous or occasionally pubescent on the nerves on the lower surface; nerves prominent below.
Cymes usually 2-branched from the base, up to 20 cm. across; branches reddish, pubescent or glabrous; bracts and bracteoles c. 0·5 × 0·5 mm., triangular, very caducous, glabrous; pedicels c. 0·5 mm. long, glabrous or pubescent.
Fruits red turning black when ripe, up to 8 mm. in diam., glabrous with a persistent calyx.
Flowers globose in bud, 2–5 mm. in diam., red outside, orange or yellowish inside.
Ovary ovoid, 4–6-locular; style c. 2·5 mm. long; stigma subglobose-capitate.
Staminal tube with 5 truncate 2-dentate lobes, shorter than the petals.
Shrub c. 1 m. tall or a tree up to 10 m. tall (outside our area).
An erect or suberect soft-wooded shrub, up to 20 ft. high
Calyx 1·5 mm. long, glabrous or pubescent.
Fruits brilliant red then turning black
Seeds c. 4 × 3 mm., brownish, smooth.
Flowers bright yellow, orange or red
Corolla c. 5 mm. long, glabrous.
Branches soft-wooded, glabrous.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

In the Philippines, Taiwan and Micronesia replacing L. indica as the wide-spread component of secondary regrowth vegetation, but also found in primary forest; throughout the remainder of Malesia, a rather rare shrub of primary forest and shaded localities, in the area India to Vietnam and also in Africa it is once more a common component of secondary vegetation. From sea-level up to 1500 m, in the Himalayas ascending to 2250 m.
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A tropical plant. It needs moderate moisture and humidity. It grows on the forest floor. It can tolerate low light. It needs moderately fertile and well-drained soil. In Nigeria it is recorded up to 1,800 m above sea level. It suits hardiness zones 10-12.
Moist, shaded places. Primary forest and shaded localities, also found in secondary vegetation, from sea-level up to elevations of 1,500 metres.
Locally abundant in moist shaded places.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

Caution: The juice from the berries is reported as being irritating to flesh. The ripe fruit are eaten fresh.
Uses environmental use food gene source material medicinal social use
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use Anodyne (unspecified), Convulsion (unspecified), Dyspepsia (unspecified), Gonorrhea (unspecified), Pregnancy (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Toothache (unspecified), Vertigo (unspecified), Colic (unspecified), Epilepsy (unspecified), Groin (unspecified), Swelling (unspecified), Womb (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed or cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 23 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Leea guineensis leaf picture by Lusajo Mwakibinga (cc-by-sa)
Leea guineensis leaf picture by claude Marodon (cc-by-sa)
Leea guineensis leaf picture by Marcel Boyer (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Leea guineensis flower picture by Ryan khan (cc-by-sa)
Leea guineensis flower picture by Florelle Bluker (cc-by-sa)
Leea guineensis flower picture by Patrick Mussard (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Leea guineensis fruit picture by Dr Hadi Hakim (cc-by-sa)
Leea guineensis fruit picture by Maryse Cabello (cc-by-sa)
Leea guineensis fruit picture by Gnagbo Anthelme (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Leea guineensis world distribution map, present in Angola, Burundi, Benin, Burkina Faso, Bhutan, Central African Republic, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Congo, Dominican Republic, Micronesia (Federated States of), Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, Honduras, Haiti, Indonesia, India, Kenya, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, Myanmar, Mauritius, Malawi, Malaysia, Mayotte, Nigeria, Nepal, Philippines, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Réunion, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Sao Tome and Principe, Togo, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Viet Nam, South Africa, and Zambia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:68307-1
WFO ID wfo-0001145321
COL ID 3SWZF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 447186
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Leea javanica Leea parvifoliola Leea pallidifolia Leea parva Leea negrosense Leea palawanensis Leea euphlebia Leea parvifolia Leea luzonensis Leea dentata Leea schomburgkii Leea bulusanensis Leea guineensis f. longifoliolata Leea guineensis f. monticola Leea guineensis f. spiculata Leea guineensis f. truncata Leea guineensis f. comoriensis Leea guineensis f. orientalis Leea wightii Leea arborea Leea cuspidifera Leea bipinnata Leea maculata Leea manillensis Leea aurantiaca Leea punctata Leea laeta Leea wrightii Leea negrosensis Leea guineensis var. cuspidifera Leea sambucina var. arborea Leea guineensis