Lepidium africanum Dc.

Cape pepper cress (en), Passerage d'Afrique au sens large (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Brassicales > Brassicaceae > Lepidium

Characteristics

A cabbage family herb which re-grows each year from seed or can take 2 years to complete its life cycle. It can be 75-100 cm high. It branches in the upper part. It is a spreading plant with fine hairs. The stems are erect. The leaf blades are narrow and sword shaped. The leaves are sword shaped and 1-2 mm wide. They do not have stalks. They are in rings. They can have teeth. The leaves on the stem reduce in size up the stem. The flowers are green to purple. They are in groups in the axils of leaves or at the ends of branches. The flower cluster is dense. The petals are thread like and shorter than the sepals. The fruiting cluster are on stalked branches ripening from the bottom up. The stalks are 2-3 mm long. They are finely hairy. The fruit are small light brown pods. The pods are short and 2-3 mm long by 1.5-2 mm wide. There can be slight wings at the end. They have 2 seeds. The seeds are oval and 1-1.25 cm long.
More
Perennial. Stems erect, branching above, finely and closely grooved, glabrous or densely puberulent, (10)-15-50-(90) cm tall. Lvs all simple, hairy beneath or glabrous. Basal and lower stem lvs withering at fruiting, simple, toothed, lanceolate to oblanceolate, acute, (2)-3-10 × 1-2 cm, cuneately narrowed into a slender petiole. Upper lvs becoming linear or narrow-lanceolate, sessile, entire or toothed at apex or 3-fid, (5)-10-20-(30) × 1-3 mm. Racemes 5-10-(15) cm long at fruiting; rachis sparingly hairy or glabrous, ridged; pedicels erecto-patent, curved, 2-3 mm long at fruiting, with a single row of hairs. Sepals glabrous or sparsely hairy, purplish or green, 0.6-1 × 0.5 mm. Petals 0 or up to 1/2 length of sepals, white. Stamens 2. Silicle elliptic, 2-3 × 1.8-2.2 mm; stigma almost sessile, < or = the very shallow notch; valves purple or green, glabrous. Seed narrow-ovoid, brown, not winged, 1.2-1.5 mm long.
Annual or perennial herb to 70 cm high, erect. Leaves broadly to narrowly lanceolate, acute, serrate to entire, to 8 cm long, sparsely ciliate, the base attenuate, lnflorescence a dense elongated raceme. Sepals to 0.75 mm long. Petals reduced, thread-like, shorter than sepals. Stamens 2, median. Stigma subsessile. Silicula dehiscent, ovate to obovate 2–3 mm long, 1.5–2 mm wide, wings slight in upper half, forming shallow notch approximately one-tenth length of fruit; pedicels shorter than silicula, puberulous on adaxial surface, somewhat flattened, typically arcuate. Seeds c. 1.25 mm long; radicle incumbent.
Life form
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.5 - 0.7
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a subtropical plant. It grows in hot arid areas that have a marked dry season. The dry season can be 6-11 months. It needs well-drained soils and grow in stony and sandy soils. It grows between 400-1,700 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places. It will grow in most freely draining soils. It can grow in sunny or lightly shaded locations. Tasmania Herbarium.
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Open dry grassland, a weed in arable fields, roadsides; at elevations from 1,100-2,600 metres, occasionally descending to 100 metres.
Open dry grassland, a weed in arable fields, roadsides; at elevations from 1,100-2,600 metres, occasionally descending to 100 metres.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-11

Usage

The leaves are eaten as a spinach. The green seed is used as a spice.
Uses animal food food gene source medicinal spice
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Lepidium africanum unspecified picture

Distribution

Lepidium africanum world distribution map, present in Australia, India, New Zealand, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:286022-1
WFO ID wfo-0000358544
COL ID 6P9GH
BDTFX ID 38448
INPN ID 105595
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Lepidium africanum Nasturtium divaricatum Thlaspi africanum Lepidium divaricatum Lepidium hyssopifolium Lepidium ambiguum Lepidium dubium Lepidium tasmanicum Lepidium subdentatum Lepidium divaricatum Lepidium linoides Lepidium iberioides Thlaspi divaricatum Lepidium africanum subsp. divaricatum Lepidium africanum subsp. africanum Lepidium divaricatum subsp. divaricatum