Lepidium didymum L.

Corne-de-cerf didyme (fr), Passerage didyme (fr), Sénebière didyme (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Brassicales > Brassicaceae > Lepidium

Characteristics

Annuals; (fetid); glabrous or pilose. Stems few to several from base, erect to ascending or decumbent, branched distally, 1-4.5(-7) dm. Basal leaves (soon withered); not rosulate; petiole 0.5-4(-6) cm; blade 1-or 2-pinnatisect, 1-6(-8) cm, margins (of lobes) entire or dentate (sometimes deeply lobed). Cauline leaves shortly petiolate to subsessile; blade similar to basal, smaller and less divided distally, lobes lanceolate to oblong or elliptic, 1.5-3.5(-4.5) cm × 5-12 mm, base not auriculate, margins (of lobes) entire, serrate, or incised. Racemes elongated in fruit; rachis glabrous or pubescent, trichomes straight, cylindrical. Fruiting pedicels divaricate to horizontal, straight slightly recurved, (terete), 1.4-2.5(-4) × 0.15-2 mm, glabrous or sparsely pubescent adaxially. Flowers: sepals (tardily deciduous), ovate, 0.5-0.7(-0.9) mm; petals white, elliptic to linear, 0.4-0.5 × ca. 0.1 mm, claw absent; stamens 2, median; filaments 0.3-0.6 mm; anthers 0.1-0.2 mm. Fruits schizocarpic, didymous, 1.3-1.7 × 2-2.5 mm, apically not winged, apical notch 0.2-0.4 mm deep; valves thick, rugose, strongly veined, glabrous; style absent or obsolete, included in apical notch. Seeds ovate, 1-1.2 × 0.7-0.8 mm. 2n = 32.
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Procumbent or erect herbs up to 30 cm high. Stems pilose, glabrescent. Basal leaves up to 9 cm long, pinnatipartite, the segments usually pinnatifid, sometimes only the upper margin of the segments lobed. Upper leaves pinnatifid, smaller. Racemes short and dense in flower, 2-3 cm long in fruit; rhachis pilose. Sepals 0.8-0.9 mm long, greenish white. Petals less than 0.5 mm long, white. Stamens 2 or rarely 4; filaments swollen at the base. Siliculae on spreading or recurved-spreading pedicels 1.5-2.5 mm long, 1.4-1.5 mm long, 2-2.6 mm broad, each half reniform-semicircular, longer than wide, compressed, rounded on the back, reticulately netted and pitted; style always much shorter than the sinus.
Annual or perennial herb 15–30 cm high, prostrate to ascending, glabrous to pilose, foetid. Basal leaves up to 9 cm long, petiolate, pinnatisect with 3–5 (–7) pairs of pinnatifid lobes, to 9 cm long; cauline leaves reducing to sessile and entire. Inflorescence a raceme, exceeding leaves. Sepals 1–2 mm long. Petals shorter than sepals, or absent, white. Stamens 2, rarely 4. Stigma sessile. Silicula 1.5–2 mm long, 2–3 mm wide, bilobed, emarginate (notched) above and below, constricted at septum; valves subglobose, reticulate-pitted, indehiscent but separating into two 1-seeded units; pedicels 1.5–3 mm long. Seeds 1–2 mm long.
A cabbage family herb. It grows 10-70 cm high. It grows for one or two years. It is often a spreading plant lying along the ground. The stems have many branches. The stems are covered with fine long hairs. The stem leaves are divided into leaflets along the stalk. The leaflets vary. The leaves are 2-5 cm long. The leaves are alternate. The plant has a smell like cress when crushed. The flowers are at the end of the plant. The flowers are very small. They may only be 1.5-2 mm across. They have 4 petals. The fruit have 2 rounded sections like two balls close together. These seed pods are 2 mm wide.
Biennial herb, 0.1-0.3 m high, procumbent or erect. Stems pilose, glabrescent. Leaves: basal leaves pinnatipartite, segments pinnatifid, sometimes only upper margins of segments lobed; cauline leaves smaller, pinnatifid. Inflorescence a short, dense raceme; rachis pilose. Sepals greenish white. Petals white. Stamens 2, filaments swollen at base. Flowering time Sept.-Feb. Fruit a siliqua, on recurved-spreading or spreading pedicels, compressed, longer than wide, each half reniform-semicircular, rounded on the back, reticulately netted and pitted.
Biennial herb, up to 0.3 m high. Stems procumbent or erect; pilose. Leaves basally with blade up to 90 mm long, margins pinnatipartite, upper leaves pinnatifid, smaller. Flowers: in dense racemes; sepals 0.8-0.9 mm long, greenish white; petals < 0.5 mm long, white; Sep., Oct. Fruit with spreading or recurved-spreading pedicels; siliquae reniform to subcircular, 1.41.5 x 2.0-2.6 mm, reticulately netted and pitted.
Procumbent or erect herb, up to 300 mm tall. Stems pilose. All leaves pinnatipartite or pinnatifid. Halves of fruits laterally compressed. Flowers white.
Life form
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination autogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) 0.15
Mature height (meter) 0.3
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows on roadsides, waste areas, fields; near sea level to 1000 m altitude in China. It grows between 1,350-2,800 m in the tropics. In Argentina it grows between sea level and 2,900 m above sea level. It can tolerate salty soils. It often grows near mangroves. It can grow in arid places. Tasmania Herbarium.
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Waste places, roadsides, cultivated fields, frequently mown lawns etc. Roadsides, waste areas, lawns, pastures, fields, gardens, disturbed areas; at elevations up to 1,000 metres. Found chiefly in sandy soils in Texas.
Waste places, roadsides, cultivated fields, frequently mown lawns etc. Roadsides, waste areas, lawns, pastures, fields, gardens, disturbed areas; at elevations up to 1,000 metres. Found chiefly in sandy soils in Texas.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-11

Usage

The leaves have a pungent taste and are used in salads and sandwiches. The plant can be made more edible by extensive boiling.
Uses animal food food gene source medicinal
Edible leaves stems
Therapeutic use Headache (seed), Cancer (unspecified), Digestive (unspecified), Expectorant (unspecified), Scurvy (unspecified), Malaria (unspecified), Vulnerary (unspecified), Wart (unspecified), Anti-inflammatory agents (unspecified), Insecticides (unspecified), Radiation-protective agents (unspecified), Antioxidants (whole plant), Antipyretics (whole plant), Diuretics (whole plant), Hypersensitivity (whole plant), Hypoglycemic agents (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Lepidium didymum habit picture by leila nisaza (cc-by-sa)
Lepidium didymum habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)
Lepidium didymum habit picture by Piaggio Juan (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Lepidium didymum leaf picture by Garcia Vicky (cc-by-sa)
Lepidium didymum leaf picture by LJ Spriet (cc-by-sa)
Lepidium didymum leaf picture by LJ Spriet (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Lepidium didymum flower picture by Jerome Dao (cc-by-sa)
Lepidium didymum flower picture by Myos P (cc-by-sa)
Lepidium didymum flower picture by Recreo Fernando (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Lepidium didymum fruit picture by Christophe Gautreau (cc-by-sa)
Lepidium didymum fruit picture by patrick pecher (cc-by-sa)
Lepidium didymum fruit picture by Bernard Frippiat (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Lepidium didymum world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Sri Lanka, New Zealand, Pakistan, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:286148-1
WFO ID wfo-0000358253
COL ID 6P8ZL
BDTFX ID 38483
INPN ID 105615
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Lepidium prostratum Nasturtiolum pinnatum Nasturtiolum castratum Nasturtium americanum Senebiera pinnatifida Senebiera supina Senebiera didyma Coronopus didymus Coronopus heleniana Coronopus leptocarpus Coronopus pectinatus Coronopus pinnatifidus Coronopus pinnatus Senebiera heleniana Senebiera incisa Coronopus incisus Cochlearia humifusa Senebiera pectinata Biscutella apetala Carara didyma Lepidium americanum Lepidium anglicum Coronopus pinnatifidus Eudistemon humifusum Coronopus didymus var. incisa Coronopus didymus var. macrocarpus Coronopus didymus var. rosulatus Coronopus didymus f. incisus Coronopus didymus f. pectinatus Crucifera senebiera Lepidium didymum