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Leymus mollis (Trin.) Pilg.

American dunegrass (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Poaceae > Leymus

Characteristics

Stout, erect, green or somewhat glaucous, 5–15 dm, from long, stout rhizomes; culms finely hairy under the spike, otherwise glabrous; sheaths crowded and overlapping at base; lvs 6–15 mm wide; ligule scarcely 1 mm; spike stout, erect, dense, 1–3 dm × 1–2 cm; spikelets coarse, 4–6-fld, mostly paired at the nodes; glumes lanceolate, 13–30 × 2–4 mm, strongly 3–5-nerved, about as long as the spikelet, evidently villous-hirsute; lemmas hairy like the glumes, or more so, tapering to a slender, awnless tip; anthers 5–9 mm; 2n=28. Sandy beaches and dunes; both coasts of n. N. Amer., s. to Mass. and Calif., on the shores of Lake Superior, and on the Arctic shore and the coast of ne. Asia. (Elymus m.) Ours is the relatively southern var. mollis.
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Culms solitary or tufted, 30–80 cm tall, smooth, glabrous, but puberulent below spike. Leaf sheath longer or shorter than internode, glabrous; ligule 1–2 mm; leaf blade usually rolled, 10–15 × 0.4–0.7 cm, stiff, abaxial surface smooth, adaxial surface slightly scabrous. Spike 9–15 × 1–1.5 cm; rachis robust, puberulent; internodes 6–10 mm. Spikelets (1 or)2 or 3 per node, 1.5–2 cm, with 2–5 florets; rachilla puberulent. Glumes covering only base of lemma, oblong-lanceolate, 12–20 × 2–2.5 mm, 3–5-veined with keel-like midvein, puberulent, margin membranous. Lemma lanceolate, 5-veined, puberulent, apex mucronate; first lemma 12–14 mm. Palea slightly shorter than lemma, ciliolate along keels. Anthers 5–6 mm. Fl. and fr. May–Aug. 2n = 28.
A grass.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.5 - 1.0
Root system fibrous-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) 0.4
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Coastal shingle and sands. Seaside coastal ridges, sands and shingles, in maritime meadows, also on slopes of seaside terraces.
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It is a temperate plant.
Light 7-8
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity 5-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-10

Usage

Uses environmental use fiber gene source material medicinal
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use Unspecified (root), Strengthener (root)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Leymus mollis leaf picture by jimmysong (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Leymus mollis fruit picture by jimmysong (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Leymus mollis world distribution map, present in Canada, China, France, Micronesia (Federated States of), Japan, Montenegro, Malaysia, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:139357-2
WFO ID wfo-0000878204
COL ID 726R8
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 762276
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

x Elyleymus aleuticus Elymus x uclueletensis Elymus cladostachys Leymus mollis Triticum molle Elymus ampliculmis x Elyleymus uclueletensis Elymus aleuticus Elymus arenarius f. compositus Elymus capitatus Elymus dives Elymus x aleuticus Elymus mollis Elymus arenarius subsp. mollis Elymus arenarius var. brevispicus Elymus arenarius var. compositus Elymus arenarius var. coreensis Elymus arenarius var. mollis Elymus arenarius var. scabrinervis Elymus arenarius var. simulans Elymus arenarius var. villosus Elymus mollis var. brevispicus Elymus mollis var. japonicus Leymus arenarius subsp. mollis Leymus mollis var. coreensis Elymus mollis var. coreensis Elymus mollis f. moniliformis Elymus mollis f. scabrinervis Elymus mollis f. simulans Elymus mollis f. mollis Leymus mollis subsp. mollis Elymus mollis var. mollis
WorldFloraDB 2024