Lindernia dubia (L.) Pennell

Yellowseed false pimpernel (en), Fausse Gratiole (fr), Lindernie douteuse (fr), Lindernie fausse gratiole (fr), Fausse gratiole (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Linderniaceae > Lindernia

Characteristics

Paludal herbs, often branched, sometimes rooting at the nodes, the branches slender or stout, drying angled, glabrate. Leaves opposite, elliptical or ovate, to 30 mm long, apically rounded, obtuse or occasionally acute, the upper leaves rounded, truncate or cordate and clasping the stem, the lower leaves narrowed into a distinct, petiole-like region, the margins entire or denticulate, the margins not thickened, glabrate, scarcely punctate, the veins ca. 3 from near the base, 1 or more lateral veins often inserted higher on the costa. Inflorescence solitary or paired flowers in the leaf axils, the pedicels variable in length, those near the apex much exceeding the leaves, those near the base of the stems much shorter than the leaves, slender, drying angled, glabrate, thickening near the flower. Flowers with the calyx divided nearly to the base, the lobes subequal, oblong, acute, ca. 3 mm long, corolla white with a blue or purplish throat, 5-10 mm long, sometimes cleistogamous and hardly exceeding the calyx lobes; stamens 2, inserted in the throat, the anther thecae divaricate, narrow, connate; style slender, ca. 3 mm long, the stigmas compressed, rotund. Capsule about equaling the calyx lobes, broadly ellipsoidal, ca. 4 mm long, dehiscing septicidally.
More
Low, branching, glabrous or glandular annual 0.5–2(–3) dm; lvs entire or obscurely few-toothed; sep narrow, 3-nerved, 3–4.5 mm; cor 5–10 mm; later fls often cleistogamous; 2n=18, 32. Wet sandy or muddy shores; Que. and N.H. to N.D., s. to Fla. and Tex., and in the Pacific states. July–Sept. Two rather poorly defined vars., both widespread in our range. Var. dubia: Lvs to 3 cm, at least the lower ones narrowed to the base; pedicels relatively short, mostly 0.5–1.5 cm, surpassed by or only slightly surpassing their subtending lvs; seeds mostly 2–3 times as long as wide. (Ilysanthes d.; I. attenuata) Var. anagallidea (Michx.) Cooperr.: Lvs mostly 6–15 × 3–10 mm, all broadly rounded at base, or the lowermost ones a little narrowed; pedicels mostly 1–2.5 cm, all except sometimes the lowermost ones conspicuously surpassing the subtending lvs; seeds 1.5–2 times as long as wide. (L. anagallidea; Ilysanthes a.; I. inaequalis)
Annuals to 25 cm tall, diffuse, glabrous throughout except calyx. Stems purple, quadrangular, rooting at lower nodes, much branched. Leaves sessile, elliptic, 1-1.5 cm X 3-6 mm, decreasing in size upward, base rounded to cuneate, apex acute; veins 3-5, only primary vein conspicuous. Flowers axillary, solitary, in panicles. Pedicel slender, 1-2 cm. Calyx ca. 3 mm; lobes free to base, ca. 0.5 mm wide, hispidulous above, apex acuminate, obscurely 3-veined. Corolla white or pale blue, ca. 6.5 mm; lower lip 3-lobed; upper lip galeate, shallowly 2-lobed, lobes sharply pointed. Fertile stamens 2, posterior; staminodes 2, clavate, unappendaged, apex obtuse. Style ca. 3.5 mm. Capsule oblong, ca. 4 X 2.3 mm, rounded at both ends. Seeds ellipsoid.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread hydrochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.15 - 0.25
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-10

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Lindernia dubia habit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Lindernia dubia habit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Lindernia dubia habit picture by Fabrice Rubio (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Lindernia dubia leaf picture by Alain Lagrave (cc-by-sa)
Lindernia dubia leaf picture by Flor Alex (cc-by-sa)
Lindernia dubia leaf picture by Fabrice Rubio (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Lindernia dubia flower picture by Ralf Rombach (cc-by-sa)
Lindernia dubia flower picture by Ralf Rombach (cc-by-sa)
Lindernia dubia flower picture by Debraj Chakraborty (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Lindernia dubia world distribution map, present in Albania, Argentina, Australia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Spain, France, Greece, Guatemala, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Croatia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Myanmar, Nicaragua, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Paraguay, El Salvador, Suriname, Slovenia, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Uruguay, United States of America, Uzbekistan, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Conservation status

Lindernia dubia threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:140517-2
WFO ID wfo-0000446478
COL ID 72G3X
BDTFX ID 39342
INPN ID 106252
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Lindernia gratioloides Lindernia anagallidea Ambulia psilosa Lindernia pyxidaria Morgania callitrichoides Lindernia macrantha Lindernia neocaledonica Gratiola tetragona Herpestis callitrichoides Ilysanthes anagallidea Ilysanthes attenuata Ambulia alata Capraria gratioloides Gratiola anagallidea Gratiola attenuata Gratiola domingensis Gratiola dubia Gratiola inaequalis Ilysanthes dilatata Ilysanthes dubia Ilysanthes inaequalis Ilysanthes riparia Lindernia attenuata Ilysanthes gratioloides Ilysanthes brevipes Gratiola dilatata Lindernia dubia var. anagallidea Ilysanthes dilatata Ilysanthes gratioloides var. curtipedicellata Lindernia dubia var. inundata Lindernia dubia var. riparia Lindernia dubia subsp. dubia Lindernia dubia subsp. major Lindernia dubia var. dubia Ilysanthes dubia var. inundata Ilysanthes gratioloides var. depressa Lindernia pyxidaria var. major Lindernia dubia