Rhizome sometimes short-creeping, (1-)1.5-2 (-2.5) mm ø; scales light reddish brown, narrowly triangular, to 2 mm long, to 5-seriate at the base, about the apical 1/3 uniseriate. Leaves to 2 cm apart. Petioles c. 10-35 cm long, 0.5-1 times as long as, rarely longer than the lamina, stramineous to reddish brown, rarely darker, abaxially at least upward bi-angular and sometimes also sulcate, if dark not or hardly pale-margined. Lamina very variable, c. 15-45 cm long, mostly once pinnate, rarely simple, very rarely subbipinnate; if simple lanceolate, c. 10 by 1.5-3 cm, or linear, c. 10 cm by 3-10 mm. Pinnate lamina with the rachis like the upper part of the petiole, abaxially sharply bi-angular and mostly also sulcate. Lateral pinnae one odd one to 12 to a side, most often in 2-8 pairs, not contiguous, spreading to strongly ascending, the larger ones usually subpetiolulate, lanceolate to linear, ± evenly narrowed from base to apex, subacute to acuminate, 10-22 cm long, 4-25 mm wide, 4 to over 25 times as long as wide (the great variability at least in part due to the presence of juvenile yet fertile plants), the base broadly to narrowly cuneate, the basiscopic side usually slightly longer and narrower. Texture herbaceous to chartaceous, rarely thicker; colour dark green or olivaceous when dry. Sterile leaves (not common) with fewer, relatively broader pinnae; sterile margin (in fertile pinnae often present at the apex) serrate, less often subentire. Upper pinnae little reduced, in large leaves c. 1/3 the size of the lower ones; terminal pinna conform, with asymmetric base, of the size of the larger lateral ones, free or slightly connected with 1 or 2 not lobe-like upper pinnae. Costa stramineous, not carinate. Areoles of veins 1/3-1.5(-2) mm wide. Indusium entire, 0.4-0.5 mm wide, strongly reflexed and concealed at maturity. Spores light yellow, c. 25-28 μ.
Terrestrial or epilithic, in swampy to moderately dry places, exposed or in light shade, from sea-level up to 1000 (rarely up to 1750) m; common in most parts of its Asiatic area.
Home