Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex Britton & P.Wilson

Bushy lippia (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Verbenaceae > Lippia

Characteristics

Erect perennial herbs or straggly, aromatic, densely puberulent, low, coarse, erect shrubs or subshrubs, to 2 m tall, with a strong odor of lemon, lime, mint, or sage, sometimes scrambling, procumbent, or semi-procumbent, or more or less decumbent, rarely creeping or scandent, usually much-branched from the base and with long rooting basal suckers; stems many, to 1.5 cm in diameter, rooting at the nodes; branches elongate, slender, ascending or pendulous, sometimes arching, trailing, or prostrate. Leaves decussate-opposite or ternate, thickish, aromatic, the blades ovate or oblong, 2-7 cm long and usually 1.2-2.3 cm wide, dark-green above, acute or obtuse apically, conspicuously serrate or, serrulate along the margins (except at the very base), mostly cuneate or narrowed into the petiole basally, strigose-hirtellous or puberulent and more or less rugose (when mature) above, densely short-pubescent or soft-velvety to tomentose beneath with cinereous trichomes; petioles slender, 3-8 mm long, cinereous-pubescent. Inflores-cences axillary, capitate, usually much shorter than the subtending leaves or only subequaling the petioles, solitary or rarely paired in all the upper leaf-axils; heads globose or subglobose to shortly oblong, 8-12 mm long and ca. 8 mm in diameter; peduncles slender; bractlets ovate, 3-5 mm long, acute apically, the lowermost 3-3.5 mm wide, nearly as long as the corolla, not accrescent. Flowvers fragrant or non-odoriferous; calyx ca. 1/3 as long as the corolla, 2-toothed; corolla hypocrateri-form, in various shades of blue, pink, lilac, violet, lavender, mauve, or purple, sometimes white, often yellowish on the inner surface, the tube 4-S mm long. 2n = 40 (42?).
More
Shrub, procumbent-straggling, aromatic, 0.5–2.5 m high. Stem 5–15 mm diam., strigose, glandular. Leaves opposite, rarely in whorls of 3, petiolate, ovate to elliptic or almost orbicular, 15–45 mm long, 10–35 mm wide, rugose, hirsute, with intermixed glands on abaxial surface. Inflorescence capitate or subcapitate spikes, 5–12 mm long, 4–8 mm diam.; peduncle 7–20 mm long. Flowers sessile; bracts rotund to ovate, herbaceous, hispid and glandular outside, 3–5 mm long, 3–3.5 mm wide. Calyx somewhat compressed, not ribbed, 1.5–2 mm long, 2-lobed, membranous, pilose and glandular outside. Corolla hypocrateriform, pink-purple or lilac-mauve; tube cylindrical, 4–5 mm long; dilated upwards. Stamens included; anthers globose. Ovary glabrous, 0.5–1.5 mm long; style 1–2 mm long. Fruit subglobose, glabrous.
A shrub. It is branched. It grows 1.5 m tall. The leaves are opposite or in threes. The leaves are 1-3 cm long and 1-2 cm wide. The flowers are white or pink. They are in spikes 2 cm long
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.75 - 2.0
Root system creeping-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Usually found on brushy hillsides and along roadsides (where it may have escaped from cultivation), sometimes on riverbanks and sandbars, from sea level to elevations of 1,800 metres.
More
Occurs in sandy soil around the edge of Melaleuca bracteata swamps and in Eucalyptus tereticornis open forest.
A subtropical plant. In Argentina it grows from sea level to 1,000 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The leaves are used as a vegetable. They have an anise flavour and are used in soups and with meat and fish. Thye are also used for chutney. The leaves are used for tea.
Uses environmental use essential oil food material medicinal tea
Edible leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Skin diseases (fruit), Abdominal pain (leaf), Antifungal agents (leaf), Appetite stimulants (leaf), Increase physical endurance, strength and stamina (leaf), Wounds and injuries (leaf), Ache(Stomach) (unspecified), Chest-Cold (unspecified), Cold (unspecified), Colitis (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Digestive (unspecified), Dyspepsia (unspecified), Emmenagogue (unspecified), Flu (unspecified), Hepatitis (unspecified), Medicine (unspecified), Nervine (unspecified), Pectoral (unspecified), Sedative (unspecified), Spasm (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified), Tea (unspecified), Stomach (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Antifungal agents (unspecified), Anti-infective agents, local (unspecified), Anti-bacterial agents (whole plant), Antifungal agents (whole plant), Hypothermia (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Lippia alba habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)
Lippia alba habit picture by Galotto Cinquini Luigi (cc-by-sa)
Lippia alba habit picture by Da Silva Joao Jair (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Lippia alba leaf picture by Loik B (cc-by-sa)
Lippia alba leaf picture by Romani Marcelo (cc-by-sa)
Lippia alba leaf picture by Nikolas Dierka (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Lippia alba flower picture by Nikolas Dierka (cc-by-sa)
Lippia alba flower picture by lah (cc-by-sa)
Lippia alba flower picture by osvaldo nohl (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Lippia alba fruit picture by rogelio garcia prado (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Lippia alba world distribution map, present in Andorra, Australia, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Haiti, Indonesia, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Portugal, Paraguay, Suriname, Uruguay, United States of America, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:141020-2
WFO ID wfo-0000228665
COL ID 3VBQX
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 630042
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Lippia globiflora (l'hér.) Lippia lantanoides Lippia panamensis Lippia rondonensis Lippia unica Verbena lantanoides Zappania lantanoides Zappania odorata Lippia citrata Lippia havanensis Lantana geminata Lantana malabarica Lantana mollissima Lantana odorata Lippia asperifolia Lippia asperifolia Lippia carterae Lippia crenata Lippia lantanifolia Lippia lantanoides Lippia obovata Zappania geminata Zappania globiflora (l'hér.) Camara alba Lantana alba f. rubella Lippia alba f. alba Lantana cuneatifolia Lippia globiflora f. lilacina Zappania globiflora (l'hér.) Lippia geminata Lippia alba var. carterae Lippia alba var. globiflora (l'hér.) Lippia geminata var. microphylla Lippia globiflora var. geminata Lippia globiflora var. normalis Lantana alba Lantana lippioides Lippia alba f. intermedia Lippia alba f. macrophylla Lippia alba f. scabra Verbena globiflora l'hér. Lantana alba Verbena globulifera Lippia alba