Lippia plicata Baker

Species

Angiosperms > Lamiales > Verbenaceae > Lippia

Characteristics

Woody herb or shrub 0.6–3.6 m. tall, with minty aromatic odour; stems brown or reddish purple, ± square, strigose with bulbous-based hairs, the bases remaining to render older stems minutely tuberculate.. Leaves opposite or occasionally in whorls of 3; blades ovate to lanceolate, 1.5–10(–12.5) cm. long, 0.7–5.5 cm. wide, acute at the apex, ± rounded at the base, crenate-serrate or minutely crenate, very closely rugose-bullate, reticulate, exceedingly scabrid above with ± white tubercle-based hairs, densely pubescent and much less scabrid beneath, with numerous small glands, sometimes glabrescent; petioles 2–6(–10) mm. long.. Inflorescences many-flowered, 1–4 per axil and also forming rather dense terminal panicles, cone-like, ± globose to oblong, eventually expanding, 1.3–5 cm. long, 1.5–2 cm. wide; peduncles 1–3.5(–7) cm. long; bracts ovate to ovate-lanceolate, (5–)7–8(–10) mm. long, 3–5 mm. wide, acute, ± ribbed and venose, ± yellow-green, thinly to densely pubescent on outer face, ultimately falling and leaving a bare rhachis roughened by bract and pedicel-bases.. Calyx-lobes 2, oblong, 1.2 mm. long, densely hairy.. Corolla slightly or strongly scented, white with yellow inside the tube, or pink or lilac; tube slender, 4–4.5(–?8) mm. long, widened above, narrow part glabrous, the upper part pubescent (often in lines) and glandular; limb 4.5–5 mm. wide, lower lip ± 3-lobed, the lowest lobe 1.5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide.. Style 1.5 mm. long; stigma 0.6 mm. long.. Nutlets half-ovoid, 1.2–1.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, densely spreading pubescent on outer face and glandular.. Fig. 5.
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Spikes 1–4 per axil and clustered at the stem and branch apices and often also in the axils of the upper leaves, densely many-flowered, 1.5–3.8 × 1–1.5 cm, somewhat hemispherical in flower, ovoid-oblong in fruit; peduncles 1–7 cm long, slender, suberect, shortest in the terminal inflorescences; lower bracts 7–10 × 2.5–5 mm and longer than the flowers, progressively smaller upwards, ovate, ovate-oblong or ovate-lanceolate, abruptly acute to ± attenuate apically, membranous, green or pale green, ± densely appressed-pubescent and minutely glandular outside, glabrous or sparsely pubescent towards the apex on the inside, spreading or reflexed at least after anthesis, or the lower ones completely deflexed, easily caducous.
Leaves usually opposite, occasionally 3-whorled, up to 12.5 × 4.5(5.8) cm, smaller on the branches, ovate or ovate-lanceolate to elliptic, acute at the apex, shortly cuneate or rounded at the base, serrate-crenate or minutely crenate, except at the base, chartaceous, closely rugose-bullate, reticulate, scabrid above with whitish tubercle-based hairs, densely pubescent and less scabrid beneath, the hairs longer and denser on the nerves, with numerous sessile glands, sometimes glabrescent; midrib prominent below with 5–8 pairs of main nerves, ascending, ± arcuate, impressed above, paler and somewhat raised beneath, reticulation impressed above and prominent beneath; petiole 2–7(10) mm long.
Corolla slightly to strongly scented, white with yellow throat, 2-lipped; tube c. 5 mm long, cylindric, suddenly dilated into the limb, densely and shortly pubescent and also minutely glandular towards the top; limb upper lip c. 3.5 mm wide, subtriangular, limb lower lip 4–5.5 mm wide, 3-lobed, the median lobe the largest up to 1.5 × 2 mm, the lateral lobes suboblong.
Stems erect, 4-angular ± striate and sulcate with internodes up to 11 cm long, strigose with bulbous-based whitish hairs, the indumentum similar on branches, petioles and peduncles; branches suberect, straight.
A many-stemmed perennial herb 0.5–1.5 m high from a woody rootstock, or shrub 1–3 m high, leaves aromatic when crushed.
Mericarps plano-convex, 1–1.2 × 0.6 mm on the commisural face.
Calyx 2-lobed, c. 1.5 mm long, uniformly white-hispid.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.55 - 2.55
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
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Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
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Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Lippia plicata world distribution map, present in Angola, Burkina Faso, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania, United Republic of, and Zambia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:863771-1
WFO ID wfo-0000229065
COL ID 3VBZF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Lippia plicata Lippia strobiliformis Lippia plicata var. acuminata Lippia adoensis var. multicaulis Lippia strobiliformis var. acuminata Lippia strobiliformis var. parvifolia Lippia plicata var. parvifolia