Lithocarpus caudatifolius Rehder

Species

Angiosperms > Fagales > Fagaceae > Lithocarpus

Characteristics

Tree 5-30 m, 10-80 cm ø; buttresses 0.3 m tall, 0.6 m out, 5 cm thick; bark scaly, greyish brown. Branchlets densely yellowish brown to fulvous velvety tomentose by soft erect simple and stellate hairs, sparsely lenticellate; terminal bud ovoid, 2-3 by 2 mm, scales ovate. Stipules ovate to linear, 2-6 by 1 mm. Leaves thin-coriaceous to papery, (6-)10-14(-17) by (2-)3-6(-9) cm (index (2-)2.5-3(-4)), broadest about the middle; surfaces more or less discolorous, above glabrous except the midrib and nerves, dull to glossy, pale chocolate-brown to greyish brown, underneath densely fulvous velvety tomentose by adpressed stellate and erect simple and stellate hairs; base acute to cune-ate, rarely rounded-acute, occasionally asymmetrical, top bluntly to sharply 1-2½ cm caudate-acuminate, rarely acute; midrib and nerves prominent beneath slightly so above; nerves (7-)8-10(-11) pairs, lax to dense, parallel, at an angle of 40-60°, arcuating but not anastomosing towards the margin; reticulation lax, fine, subscalariform, obscure; petiole ½-1½ cm, 1-2 mm ø, terete or adaxially flat. Inflorescence male, androgynous or mixed, densely greyish brown to fulvous tomentose by soft adpressed and erect simple and stellate hairs; bracts and bracteoles ovate-acute, 0.7-1 by 0.7 mm. Male rachis 10-30 cm, 1-2 mm ø, simple and axillary or much-branched and subterminal; ♂ flowers in clusters of 3-5, rarely solitary, perianth 6-8-lobed, stamens 10-14, filaments 3-4 mm, anthers 0.25-0.35 mm long, pistillode globose, c. 1 mm ø. Androgynous or mixed rachis 6-25 cm, 1-2 mm ø; female flowers solitary, staminodes rudimentary, styles 3, conical, 0.7-1 mm, recurved. Ripe cupule sessile to 3-5 mm stalked, cup-to saucer-shaped, 3-6 mm long, 1.2-2 cm ø; rim thin, covering the basal part of the fruit; lamellae 5-6, concentric, denticulate; densely fulvous tomentose by simple and stellate hairs. Ripe fruit ovoid-conical to depressed ovoid-globose, 9-17 mm long, 12-19 mm ø, densely greyish brown fulvous tomentose by adpressed stellate hairs, top rounded-acute, base truncate, scar concave to convex, 8-10 mm ø; wall bony, c. 1 mm thick, for the greater part free from the cupule.
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Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
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Mature height (meter) 5.0 - 30.0
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Environment

Primary and secondary forest, up to 1350 m, on ridges or in swampy places near rivers, on yellowish sandy clayey soil or basalt-derived soil. Fl. Sept.-June, fr. May-Jan.
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

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Cultivation

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Distribution

Lithocarpus caudatifolius world distribution map, present in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Philippines

Conservation status

Lithocarpus caudatifolius threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:358669-1
WFO ID wfo-0000229785
COL ID 3VJS3
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Lithocarpus bulusanensis Lithocarpus caudatifolius Lithocarpus minahassae Quercus minahassae Quercus bulusanensis Synaedrys caudatifolia Quercus caudatifolia